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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ntv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-технический вестник информационных технологий, механики и оптики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-1494</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0373</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет ИТМО</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17586/2226-1494-2022-22-4-716-724</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ntv-215</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОМПЬЮТЕРНЫЕ СИСТЕМЫ И ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COMPUTER SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Усиление роли микроархитектурных этапов проектирования встраиваемых систем</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Strengthening the role of microarchitectural stages of embedded systems design</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7061-9357</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кольчурин</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolchurin</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кольчурин Максим Вячеславович — аспирант</p><p>sc 57225126062</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, 197101</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim V. Kolchurin — PhD Student</p><p>sc 57225126062</p><p>Saint Petersburg, 197101</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maxim.kolchurin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8635-5026</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пинкевич</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pinkevich</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пинкевич Василий Юрьевич — кандидат технических наук, инженер</p><p>sc 56951052900</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, 199034</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasiliy Yu. Pinkevich — PhD, Engineer</p><p>sc 56951052900</p><p>Saint Petersburg, 199034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vasiliy.pinkevich@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3003-3949</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Платунов</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Platunov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Платунов Алексей Евгеньевич — доктор технических наук, профессор</p><p>sc 35318291200</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, 197101</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey E. Platunov — D. Sc., Full Professor</p><p>sc 35318291200</p><p>Saint Petersburg, 197101</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aeplatunov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет ИТМО</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>ITMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «ЛМТ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LMT Ltd.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>716</fpage><lpage>724</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кольчурин М.В., Пинкевич В.Ю., Платунов А.Е., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кольчурин М.В., Пинкевич В.Ю., Платунов А.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kolchurin M.V., Pinkevich V.Y., Platunov A.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/215">https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/215</self-uri><abstract><p>Предмет исследования. Растущее разнообразие вычислительных систем, стремительное увеличение их сложности, интеграции в объекты и процессы физического мира требуют резкого повышения производительности труда их создателей. Отмечено, что качество, сроки и степень повторного использования результатов проектирования в области информационных технологий сильно зависят от методологий и маршрутов проектирования на этапах выбора и/или создания стеков платформ, технологий и инструментов. Важнейшую роль в этом играют способы описания организации вычислительной системы на различных уровнях и применяемые системы абстракций. Проблема заполнения семантического разрыва между концептуальным (архитектурным) уровнем и уровнями реализации по-прежнему стоит очень остро. Следовательно, требуется создание промышленных методик и инструментов проектирования на «промежуточных» уровнях. Метод. В работе предложены способы представления проектных решений, которые направлены на целостное, сквозное описание как логики организации вычислительного процесса, так и шагов, технологий и инструментов процесса проектирования. Основные результаты. Подробно объяснено наполнение и обоснована необходимость этапов микроархитектурного проектирования вычислительных систем. Введена классификация проектов в области информационных технологий по степени вариативности проектной платформы. Предложен ряд понятий для представления набора абстракций микроархитектурного проектирования в рамках проектов с большой внутренней вариативностью. Подробно описаны следующие абстракции: проектное и аспектное пространства, проектные платформы и кросс-уровневые механизмы. Практическая значимость. Рассмотрены примеры представления ряда предложенных абстракций (рабочих инструментов документирования) микроархитектурных этапов проектирования, которые наиболее актуальны в проектировании вычислительных систем в модели «ограниченных ресурсов»: встраиваемые, киберфизические системы, «граничные» и «туманные» уровни систем интернета вещей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The growing variety of computing systems, the rapid increase in their complexity, their integration into objects and processes of the physical world require a dramatic increase in the productivity of their creators. It is noted that the quality, timing, and degree of reuse of design results in the field of information technologies strongly depend on design methodologies and routes at the stages of choosing and/or creating stacks of platforms, technologies and tools. The most important role belongs to the ways of describing the organization of the computing system at various levels and to the used systems of abstractions. The problem of filling the semantic gap between the conceptual (architectural) level and the implementation levels is still very acute. So, it requires the creation of industrial techniques and design tools at these “intermediate” levels. The paper suggests ways of presenting design solutions that are aimed at a holistic, end-to-end description of both the logic of the computing process organization and the steps, technologies, and tools of the design process. The content and the necessity of the stages of microarchitectural design of computing systems is justified and explained in detail. Classification of projects in the field of information technologies according to the degree of variability of the project platform is introduced. Several concepts representing a set of abstractions for microarchitectural design within projects with great variability are suggested. The following abstractions are described in detail: project, design and aspect spaces, project platforms and cross-level mechanisms. Examples of several proposed abstractions presentations (design documentation tools) of microarchitectural design stages are discussed that are most relevant in the design of computing systems in the “limited resources” model: embedded systems, cyber-physical systems, “edge” and “fog” levels of Internet of Things systems.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>встраиваемая система</kwd><kwd>микроархитектура</kwd><kwd>исследование пространства проектных решений</kwd><kwd>аспектное проектирование</kwd><kwd>кросс-уровневые механизмы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>embedded system</kwd><kwd>microarchitecture</kwd><kwd>design space exploration</kwd><kwd>aspect-based design</kwd><kwd>cross-level mechanisms</kwd><kwd>cross-cutting mechanisms</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Платунов А.Е., Пинкевич В.Ю. 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