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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ntv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-технический вестник информационных технологий, механики и оптики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-1494</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0373</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет ИТМО</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17586/2226-1494-2023-23-3-547-552</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ntv-23</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОМПЬЮТЕРНЫЕ СИСТЕМЫ, ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COMPUTER SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Метод линейной аппроксимации временных параметров в эластичных системах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Time parameters linear approximation method in elastic systems</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2409-9677</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мартынчук</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Martynchuk</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мартынчук Илья Геннадьевич — аспирант </p><p>sc 57208319866 </p><p>Санкт-Петербург, 197101</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya G. Martynchuk — PhD Student </p><p>sc 57208319866</p><p>Saint Petersburg, 197101</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mt4.ilja@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8916-5474</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жмылёв</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhmylev</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жмылёв Сергей Александрович — кандидат технических наук, инженер-консультант</p><p>sc 57208416951 </p><p>Москва, 125373 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei A. Zhmylev — PhD, Engineering consultant </p><p>sc 57208416951</p><p>Moscow, 125373</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.zhmylev@yadro.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет ИТМО</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>ITMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «ГК Ядро»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>GK YADRO LLC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>547</fpage><lpage>552</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мартынчук И.Г., Жмылёв С.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мартынчук И.Г., Жмылёв С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Martynchuk I.G., Zhmylev S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/23">https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/23</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. В современных эластичных системах важной задачей является прогнозирование изменений в нагрузочной процессах. Оценка скорости изменения нагрузки помогает заблаговременно адаптировать структуру системы для сохранения качества обслуживания пользователей. В современных решениях мало внимания уделено анализу скорости изменения нагрузки, которая напрямую влияет на то, насколько заранее необходимо включать или выключать узлы из вычислительного процесса. В большинстве случаев данные интервалы запуска задаются заранее установленными эмпирическими значениями. Для определения скорости изменения нагрузочного процесса достаточно решить задачу линейной аппроксимации на промежутке возрастания или убывания функции нагрузки от времени. Существующие методы линейной аппроксимации не удовлетворяют всем требованиям, предъявляемым к окружениям эластичных систем. В связи с этим необходима разработка собственного метода аппроксимации. Метод. Упрощенный метод линейной аппроксимации основан на расчете центра масс исходного набора данных, а также среднего относительного отклонения упорядоченных точек по оси ординат друг от друга. Новизна предложенного метода заключается в одновременном константном потреблении памяти и отсутствии операций с квадратичными зависимостями. Это позволит учесть все требования, предъявляемые к функционирующим в окружениях эластичных систем методам. Основные результаты. Разработан генератор точек в двумерной плоскости для получения набора упорядоченных точек, разбросанных относительно заданной прямой. Генератор позволяет оценить точность предлагаемого метода аппроксимации относительно других методов путем расчета среднего результирующего отклонения сгенерированных точек от заданной прямой. С доверительной вероятностью 0,95 показано, что при максимальном количестве точек в исходном наборе данных, равном 10 000, снижение времени выполнения аппроксимации благодаря разработанному методу достигает 23 %. Значение среднего отклонения для разработанного метода и метода наименьших квадратов, полученное в рамках экспериментов, одинаково. Обсуждение. Полученные результаты могут быть применены в сервисах автоматического масштабирования эластичных систем с целью снижения времени выполнения прогнозов скорости изменения нагрузочных процессов. Разработанный метод, в отличие от метода наименьших квадратов, лишен недостатка, связанного с операциями с квадратичными зависимостями, что обеспечивает возможность более широкого его применения в условиях ограниченности разрядной сетки некоторых архитектур.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In modern elastic systems, an important task is to predict changes in load processes. Estimating the load change rate helps to adapt the system structure in advance to maintain the quality of user experience. In modern solutions, little attention is paid to the analysis of the load change rate which directly affects how far in advance it is necessary to turn nodes on or off from the computing process. In most cases, these trigger intervals are set to pre-set static values. In order to determine the load process change rate, it is sufficient to solve the linear approximation problem over the interval of increase or decrease in the load function over time. The existing methods of linear approximation do not satisfy all the requirements for the elastic systems environments, which necessitates the development of own approximation method. A simplified linear approximation method ZFLAM is based on the calculation of the center of the initial data set mass as well as the average relative deviation of the ordered points along the ordinate axis from each other. The novelty of the proposed method lies in the simultaneous constant consumption of memory and the absence of operations with quadratic dependencies, which makes it possible to satisfy all the requirements for methods operating in elastic system environments. A two-dimensional plane point generator has been developed which makes it possible to obtain a set of ordered points scattered relative to a given line. The developed generator makes it possible to evaluate the accuracy of the proposed approximation method relative to other methods by calculating the average resulting deviation of the generated points from a given straight line. It was revealed that with a confidence probability of 0.95, with the maximum number of points in the original data set equal to 10,000, the reduction in the approximation execution time due to the developed method reaches 23 %. It was determined that with a confidence probability of 0.95, the value of the mean deviation for both methods in the framework of the experiments is the same. The obtained results can be applied in the elastic systems automatic scaling services in order to reduce the execution time of load processes change rate forecasts. The developed method, in contrast to the least squares method, is free from the disadvantage associated with operations with quadratic dependencies, which makes it possible to use it more widely in the conditions of limited bit grid of some architectures.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>линейная аппроксимация</kwd><kwd>эластичные системы</kwd><kwd>автоматическое масштабирование</kwd><kwd>метод наименьших квадратов</kwd><kwd>метод достижения консенсуса на основе случайных выборок</kwd><kwd>метод главных компонент</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>linear approximation</kwd><kwd>elastic systems</kwd><kwd>automatic scaling</kwd><kwd>least squares</kwd><kwd>random sample consensus</kwd><kwd>principal component analysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aliev T.I., Rebezova M.I., Russ A.A. 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