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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ntv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-технический вестник информационных технологий, механики и оптики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-1494</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0373</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет ИТМО</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17586/2226-1494-2022-22-3-433-441</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ntv-237</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОПТИЧЕСКИЕ СИСТЕМЫ И ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OPTICAL ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние соотношения интенсивностей опорной и объектной волн на распределение интенсивности в формируемом с их помощью голографическом поле</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Influence of the ratio of the intensities of the reference and object waves on the intensity distribution in the holographic field</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8728-6122</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корешев</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koreshev</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Корешев Сергей Николаевич — доктор технических наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, 194021</p><p>sc 6603811394</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey N. Koreshev — D. Sc. (Eng.), Professor, Leading Researcher</p><p>Saint Petersburg, 194021</p><p>sc 6603811394</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">koreshev@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4429-7929</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Старовойтов</surname><given-names>С. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Starovoitov</surname><given-names>S. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Старовойтов Сергей Олегович — аспирант; ведущий технический писатель</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, 197101</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, 191040</p><p>sc 57211837718</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei O. Starovoitov — PhD student; Leading Technical Writer</p><p>Saint Petersburg, 197101</p><p>Saint Petersburg, 191040</p><p>sc 57211837718</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">s.starovoitov95@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Филиал АО «Корпорация «Комета» – «Научно-проектный центр оптоэлектронных комплексов наблюдения»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Branch of JSC Corporation “Kometa” – “Scientific and design center of optoelectronic surveillance systems”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет ИТМО; Санкт-Петербургский информационно-аналитический центр</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>ITMO University; Saint Petersburg State Unitary Enterprise “Saint Petersburg Information and Analytical Center”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>433</fpage><lpage>441</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Корешев С.Н., Старовойтов С.О., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Корешев С.Н., Старовойтов С.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Koreshev S.N., Starovoitov S.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/237">https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/237</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Предмет исследования</title><p>Предмет исследования. Представлены результаты исследования влияния соотношения интенсивностей опорного и объектного пучков на модуляцию коэффициента пропускания синтезированных и аналоговых голограмм. Особое внимание уделено режиму формирования голограммы, при котором интенсивность объектного пучка превышает интенсивность опорного пучка (режим перемодуляции). Работа актуальна в случаях применения синтезированных голограмм в проекционной фотолитографии в глубоком ультрафиолете.</p></sec><sec><title>Метод</title><p>Метод. Выполнено математическое моделирование физических процессов записи и восстановления голо грамм-проекторов. Характеристический размер бинарного тестового объекта составил 80 × 80, длина волны используемого излучения 13,5 нм, размер пиксела голограммы 20 × 20, расстояние между плоскостями объекта и голограммы 20,4 мкм, угол падения плоской опорной волны 14°42′. Синтез и восстановление голограмм-проекторов выполнены в режиме перемодуляции, при различном ходе лучей в объектном пучке.</p></sec><sec><title>Основные результаты</title><p>Основные результаты. Показано, что небинаризованные синтезированные голограммы всегда отображаются и восстанавливаются как квантованные голограммы с интервалом квантования, в зависимости от параметров схемы синтеза. Установлено, что влияние режима перемодуляции на качество восстановленного изображения при использовании синтезированных голограмм значительно уменьшается при использовании аналоговых голограмм, но также определяется динамическим диапазоном интенсивности объектного пучка в плоскости синтеза голограммы. Отмечено, что при синтезе голограммы влияние режима перемодуляции минимально при использовании объектного пучка, сходящегося в центре голограммы.</p></sec><sec><title>Практическая значимость</title><p>Практическая значимость. Выбор правильного интервала квантования и соотношения интенсивностей опорного и объектного пучков позволяет обеспечить высокое качество восстанавливаемого изображения при использовании синтезированных голограмм-проекторов Френеля в проекционной фотолитографии в глубоком ультрафиолете.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The results of the research focused on the reference and object beam intensity ratio effect on the transmittance of computer-generated and analog holograms are presented. Particular attention is paid to the hologram synthesis mode in which the intensity of the object beam exceeds the intensity of the reference beam (overmodulation mode). The study is relevant in cases where computer-generated holograms are used in extreme ultraviolet projection photolithography. Mathematical modeling of the physical processes of recording and reconstructing holograms has been performed. The characteristic size of the binary test object was 80 × 80 nm, the radiation wavelength was 13.5 nm, the hologram pixel size was 20 × 20 nm, the distance between the object and hologram planes was 20.4 μm, and the incidence angle of the plane reference wave was 14°42′. Synthesis and reconstruction of holograms were carried out in an overmodulation mode, with different beam paths in the object beam. It is shown that the computer-generated holograms, unless binarized, are always displayed and reconstructed as quantized holograms with a quantization interval depending on the parameters of the synthesis scheme. It has been established that the influence of the overmodulation mode on the quality of the reconstructed image when using computer-generated holograms will be much less than in the case of using analog holograms, but will also be determined by the dynamic range of the object beam intensity in the hologram synthesis plane. It is noted that the influence of overmodulation mode is minimal if an object beam converging at the center of the hologram is used during synthesis. The choice of the adequate quantization interval and the ratio of the intensities of the reference and object beams will ensure high quality of the reconstructed image when using computer-generated Fresnel holograms in extreme ultraviolet projection photolithography.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>голография</kwd><kwd>синтезированные голограммы</kwd><kwd>восстановление голограммы</kwd><kwd>фотолитография</kwd><kwd>полутоновые голограммы</kwd><kwd>соотношение интенсивностей объектного и опорного пучков</kwd><kwd>режим перемодуляции</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>holography</kwd><kwd>computer-generated holograms</kwd><kwd>hologram reconstruction</kwd><kwd>photolithography</kwd><kwd>halftone holograms</kwd><kwd>intensity ratio between object and reference beam</kwd><kwd>overmodulation mode</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке гранта НИРМА Физико-технического мегафакультета Университета ИТМО.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study is funded by RPMA grant of School of Physics and Engineering of ITMO University.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maiden A., McWilliam R., Purvis A., Johnson S., Williams G.L., Seed N.L., Ivey P.A. 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