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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ntv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-технический вестник информационных технологий, механики и оптики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-1494</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0373</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет ИТМО</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17586/2226-1494-2022-22-3-610-622</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ntv-281</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ И КОМПЬЮТЕРНОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MODELING AND SIMULATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Мониторинг инфильтрационных процессов в гидротехнических сооружениях с использованием распределенного акустического сенсора</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Monitoring of infiltration processes in hydraulic structures using distributed acoustic sensing technology</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7212-5230</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимофеев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timofeev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тимофеев Андрей Владимирович — доктор технических наук, научный директор</p><p>Астана, 010000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Timofeev — D. Sc. (Eng.)</p><p>Astana, 010000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">timofeev.andrey@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7874-7118</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грознов</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Groznov</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Грознов Денис Игоревич — разработчик</p><p>Астана, 010000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis I. Groznov — Software Developer</p><p>Astana, 010000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d.i.groznov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ТОО «Эквалайзум»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">LLP “EqualiZoom”<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>610</fpage><lpage>622</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тимофеев А.В., Грознов Д.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тимофеев А.В., Грознов Д.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Timofeev A.V., Groznov D.I.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/281">https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/281</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Предмет исследования</title><p>Предмет исследования. Предложен новый метод мониторинга инфильтрационных процессов, развивающихся внутри тела гидротехнических сооружений. Метод основан на использовании оптоволоконной технологии DAS (distributed acoustic sensing). Данная технология обеспечивает высокую пространственную сплошность анализа сейсмоакустического поля сооружения; цифрового двойника динамики инфильтрационных процессов и эффективных методов обработки сигналов, основанных на машинном обучении (machine learning — ML).</p></sec><sec><title>Метод</title><p>Метод. В качестве распределенного сенсора сейсмоакустического поля объекта использована DAS-система, оптоволоконный сенсор которой инсталлирован внутри тела сооружения по принципу максимального охвата. Инфильтрационная активность внутри тела сооружения оценена по совокупности обнаруженных и классифицированных методами машинного обучения инфильтрационных потоков, которые являются источниками сейсмоакустической эмиссии и поэтому уверенно детектируются DAS-системой. Цифровой двойник динамики инфильтрационных процессов, основанный на уравнениях математической физики, использован в качестве нормальной базы при оценке текущего состояния активности флюидов в теле сооружения. Риск разрушения сооружения под воздействием инфильтрационного потока оценен в рамках предложенного, формального метода, основанного на полученных данных цифрового двойника.</p></sec><sec><title>Основные результаты</title><p>Основные результаты. На основании анализа базы данных сигналов, состоящей из реальных сигналов инфильтрационных процессов, доказана высокая эффективность детекции и классификации сигналов данного типа при помощи ML-классификатора, входящего в состав системы мониторинга. Предложен цифровой двойник динамики инфильтрационных процессов в теле гидросооружения. На основе использования этой модели предложен метод оценки риска повреждения тела гидротехнического сооружения, которое может произойти в результате реализовавшейся инфильтрационной активности.</p></sec><sec><title>Практическая значимость</title><p>Практическая значимость. Метод контроля инфильтрационных процессов внутри гидротехнических сооружений может быть использован для мониторинга оперативного состояния практически любых гидротехнических сооружений, в том числе в криолитозоне.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article proposes a new method of monitoring the infiltration processes developing inside the body of hydraulic structures. The method is based on the use of DAS (distributed acoustic sensing) fiber-optic technology which provides high spatial continuity of hydraulic structure seismoacoustic field analysis; digital twin infiltration dynamics and efficient signal processing methods based on machine learning. As a distributed sensor of the object’s seismoacoustic field, a DAS system is used the fiber-optic sensor of which is installed inside the body of the structure according to the principle of maximum coverage. The infiltration activity inside the structure body is estimated based on the analysis of an infiltration flows ensemble which are detected and classified by machine learning (ML) methods. These infiltration flows are sources of seismoacoustic emission and are therefore confidently detected by the DAS system. A digital twin of the infiltration dynamics based on the equations of mathematical physics is used as the normal basis for estimating the current state of fluid activity in the body of the structure. The risk of a structure failure under the influence of the observed infiltration flow is estimated within the framework of the proposed formal method based on the digital twin data. Based on the analysis of Data Set, consisting of real signals of infiltration processes, the high efficiency of detection and classification of this type of signals with the special ML-classifier included in the monitoring system is proved. A digital twin model of the infiltration processes dynamics in the body of a hydraulic structure is proposed. On the basis of the digital twin model, a method for estimating the risk of damage to the body of a hydraulic structure, which may occur as a result of the observed infiltration activity, is proposed. The method of controlling infiltration processes inside hydraulic structures can be used to monitor the operational condition of almost any hydraulic structures, including those in the cryolithic zone.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>DAS</kwd><kwd>инфильтрационный процесс</kwd><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd><kwd>классификация</kwd><kwd>гидротехническое сооружение</kwd><kwd>мониторинг хвостохранилищ</kwd><kwd>мониторинг дамб</kwd><kwd>SVM</kwd><kwd>цифровой двойник</kwd><kwd>криолитозона</kwd><kwd>уравнение Дарси</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>DAS</kwd><kwd>infiltration process</kwd><kwd>machine learning</kwd><kwd>classification</kwd><kwd>hydraulic structures</kwd><kwd>tailings monitoring</kwd><kwd>dam monitoring</kwd><kwd>SVM</kwd><kwd>digital twin</kwd><kwd>cryolithozone</kwd><kwd>Darcy’s equation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сухно А.М., Хлапов Н.Н. 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