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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ntv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-технический вестник информационных технологий, механики и оптики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-1494</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0373</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет ИТМО</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17586/2226-1494-2022-22-6-1150-1158</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ntv-335</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОМПЬЮТЕРНЫЕ СИСТЕМЫ И ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COMPUTER SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Метод мониторинга состояния элементов киберфизических систем на основе анализа временных рядов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Method for monitoring the state of elements of cyber-physical systems based on time series analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7216-769X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семенов Виктор Викторович – кандидат технических наук, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, 199178</p><p>sc 57204123255</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor V. Semenov – PhD, Junior Researcher</p><p>Saint Petersburg, 199178</p><p>sc 57204123255</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.semenov@spcras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский Федеральный исследовательский центр Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>1150</fpage><lpage>1158</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Семенов В.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Семенов В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Semenov V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/335">https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/335</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Предмет исследования</title><p>Предмет исследования. Широкое распространение киберфизических систем, а также повсеместная интеграция вычислительных ресурсов в физические сущности привели к повышению рисков преднамеренных и случайных инцидентов безопасности. В связи с этим приобретает особую актуальность разработка новых и совершенствование существующих методов и средств мониторинга таких систем. Создаваемые и модернизируемые методы должны обладать повышенной полнотой и точностью идентификации, в особенности для объектов критической инфраструктуры.</p></sec><sec><title>Метод</title><p>Метод. Предложен оригинальный метод обработки данных мониторинга состояния киберфизических систем на основе анализа временных рядов с применением весовых коэффициентов значимости в качестве постобработки результатов классификации. Метод отличается от существующих комбинированным подходом, сочетающим применение в системах мониторинга событий информационной и функциональной безопасности. Характеризуется использованием ансамбля деревьев решений, а также параллельно работающих классификаторов и весовых коэффициентов Фишберна при анализе совокупности наиболее информативных признаков, полученных из временных рядов.</p></sec><sec><title>Основные результаты</title><p>Основные результаты. Применимость метода обоснована при помощи вычислительного эксперимента на известном наборе данных, характеризующем функционирование информационной и физической составляющих при осуществлении различных типов атак на компоненты экспериментального стенда киберфизической системы водоочистки. Точность идентификации по сравнению с лучшими подходами, представленными в научных работах при использовании разработанного метода, увеличилась на 1,45 %, полнота – на 4,45 % и составила 99,85 % для обоих показателей.</p></sec><sec><title>Практическая значимость</title><p>Практическая значимость. Полученные результаты адаптированы для практического использования в системах идентификации состояния киберфизических систем. Теоретическая значимость состоит в возможности использования результатов исследования при проектировании систем мониторинга информационной и функциональной безопасности киберфизических систем.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The wide spread of cyber-physical systems, as well as the widespread integration of computing resources into physical entities, have led to an increase in the risks of deliberate and accidental security incidents. In this regard, the development of new methods and tools and improvement of the existing ones for monitoring such systems is of particular relevance. The methods being created and modernized should have increased recall and precision of identification, especially for critical infrastructure objects. An original method for processing data for monitoring the state of cyber-physical systems based on time series analysis using significance weights as a post-processing of classification results was proposed. The method differs from the existing ones by the combined approach that combines the use events of information security and functional safety in monitoring systems. It is characterized by the use of an ensemble of decision trees as well as parallel classifiers and Fishburn weight coefficients in the analysis of the set of the most informative features obtained from time series. The applicability of the method was substantiated by conducting of a computational experiment on a known data set which characterizes the functioning of the information and physical components in the implementation of various types of attacks on the components of the experimental stand of the cyber-physical water treatment system. When using the developed method, the identification precision increased by 1.45 % compared to the best approaches presented in other scientific works, and the recall increased by 4.45 % and amounted to 99.85 % for both indicators. The results obtained are adapted for practical use in systems for identifying the state of cyber-physical systems. The theoretical significance lies in the possibility of using the results of the study in the design of systems for monitoring the information security and functional safety of cyber-physical systems.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>системы мониторинга</kwd><kwd>анализ временных рядов</kwd><kwd>киберфизические системы</kwd><kwd>выявление аномалий</kwd><kwd>информационная безопасность</kwd><kwd>функциональная безопасность</kwd><kwd>решающие деревья</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>monitoring systems</kwd><kwd>time series analysis</kwd><kwd>cyber-physical systems</kwd><kwd>identification of anomalies</kwd><kwd>information security</kwd><kwd>functional safety</kwd><kwd>decision trees</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shukalov A.V., Zakoldaev D.A., Zharinov I.O., Zharinov O.O. 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