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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ntv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-технический вестник информационных технологий, механики и оптики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-1494</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0373</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет ИТМО</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17586/2226-1494-2023-23-1-178-191</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ntv-348</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ И КОМПЬЮТЕРНОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MODELING AND SIMULATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Численно-аналитическое моделирование пропульсивного крыла и фюзеляжа аэротакси</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Numerical and analytical modeling of the propulsive wing and fuselage of an air taxi</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0099-9953</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Булат</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bulat</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Булат Павел Викторович - доктор физико-математических наук, кандидат экономических наук, главный научный сотрудник; главный научный сотрудник</p><p>Севастополь, 299053</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, 190005</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel V. Bulat - D.Sc. (Physics &amp; Mathematics), PhD (Economocs), Chief Researcher; Chief Researcher</p><p>Sevastopol, 299053</p><p>Saint Petersburg, 190005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pavelbulat@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4851-6594</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курнухин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurnukhin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Курнухин Антон Александрович - младший научный сотрудник; младший научный сотрудник</p><p>Севастополь, 299053</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, 190005</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton A. Kurnukhin - Junior Researcher; Junior Researcher</p><p>Sevastopol, 299053</p><p>Saint Petersburg, 190005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anton.kurnukhin@outlook.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6383-039X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Продан</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prodan</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Продан Николай Васильевич - кандидат технических наук, старший научный сотрудник; старший научный сотрудник</p><p>Севастополь, 299053</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, 190005</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay V. Prodan - PhD, Senior Researcher; Senior Researcher</p><p>Sevastopol, 299053</p><p>Saint Petersburg, 190005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kolinti@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Севастопольский государственный университет; Балтийский государственный технический университет «ВОЕНМЕХ» им. Д.Ф. Устинова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sevastopol State University; Baltic State Technical University “VOENMEH” named after D.F. Ustinov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>178</fpage><lpage>191</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Булат П.В., Курнухин А.А., Продан Н.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Булат П.В., Курнухин А.А., Продан Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bulat P.V., Kurnukhin A.A., Prodan N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/348">https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/348</self-uri><abstract><p>Предмет исследования. Рассмотрена проблема создания аэродинамических профилей, создающих тягу при отборе воздуха с верхней поверхности крыла. Профили имеют тяговый участок за точкой отсоса пограничного слоя, давление на котором превосходит давление в окружающей среде. В последние 15–20 лет в мире активно исследуется концепция так называемого пропульсивного крыла, имеющего пониженное или нулевое сопротивление за счет отсоса пограничного слоя с верхней его поверхности. Такое крыло позволяет в несколько раз уменьшить аэродинамическое сопротивление самолета за счет ламинаризации пограничного слоя и минимизации дефекта скорости, связанного с вязким трением в пограничном слое, в следе за самолетом. Предложена методика численного моделирования профилей для пропульсивного крыла, построенных методом решения обратной задачи аэродинамики. Проектируемые профили имеют максимальную строительную высоту, оптимальное сочетание коэффициентов подъемной силы Cy и тяги CT, создаваемой за счет отбора воздуха с поверхности крыла. Методика корректно предсказывает точку ламинарно-турбулентного перехода, поскольку характеристики профилей напрямую зависят от протяженности ламинарного участка. Исследована компоновка летательного аппарата, построенного по схеме пропульсивного летающего крыла сверхмалого удлинения с применением разработанных профилей.Метод. Проектирование аэродинамических профилей выполнено путем решения обратной задачи аэродинамики с последующей доводкой геометрии при помощи алгоритмов глобальной оптимизации. Расчеты проведены с использованием γ-ReΘ Transition Shear Stress Transport модели турбулентности Лэнгтри−Ментера, в которой существуют соотношения для критерия перемежаемости, что позволяет моделировать ламинарно-турбулентный переход.Основные результаты. Расчеты показали, что разработанные профили позволяют создать планер летательного аппарата с максимальным коэффициентом подъемной силы Cymax, который превосходит на взлете и посадке данную силу у механизированного крыла с выпущенным закрылком. В горизонтальном полете Cy в три раза больше, чем у типичного крыла. Крыло с разработанными профилями имеет высокий пропульсивный коэффициент полезного действия за счет близости давления и скорости на тяговом участке профилей и внешнего течения. Одновременно тяговая поверхность пропульсивного крыла превосходит по площади в несколько раз площадь сопла или суммарное покрытие авиационных винтов.Практическая значимость. Разработанные профили и интегрированная аэродинамическая компоновка летательного аппарата успешно сочетаются с принципами построения распределенной силовой установки, а также создают устойчивость к повышенной турбулентности атмосферы при вертикальном взлете и посадке с экономичным горизонтальным полетом. Профили имеют важное преимущество по сравнению с традиционной механизаций крыла, так как не имеют подвижных частей, а увеличение или уменьшение подъемной силы регулируется изменением расхода отсасываемого воздуха.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The problem of creating propulsive airfoils is considered. Such airfoils have a slit through which the boundary layer is sucked out. Located just behind this gap, a specially profiled section of the airfoil creates a propulsive thrust. The thrust is created due to an abrupt change in the pressure profile on the slit through which the boundary layer is sucked. In the last 15–20 years, the concept of a so-called propulsive wing with reduced or zero aerodynamic drag due to the suction of the boundary layer from its upper surface has been actively studied in the world. Such a wing makes it possible to reduce the aerodynamic drag of the aircraft by several times due to boundary layer laminarization and minimizing the velocity defect associated with viscous friction in the boundary layer, in the wake of the aircraft. The paper proposes a method for numerical modeling of airfoils for a propulsive wing constructed by solving the inverse problem of aerodynamics. The designed airfoils have a maximum construction height, an optimal combination of the lifting force coefficient Cl and the thrust coefficient CT, created by air suction from the wing surface. The developed technique correctly predicts the point of the laminar-turbulent transition, since the characteristics of the airfoils directly depend on the length of the laminar section. The layout of an aircraft built according to the scheme of a propulsive flying wing of ultra-small aspect ratio using the developed airfoils has been studied. The design of aerodynamic profiles was carried out by solving the inverse problem of aerodynamics with subsequent refinement of geometry using global optimization algorithms. Calculations were carried out using the Langtry−Menter turbulence γ-ReΘ Transition Shear Stress Transport model, in which there are relations for the intermittency criterion, makes it possible to simulate a laminar-turbulent transition. Calculations have shown that the developed airfoils make it possible to create an aircraft airframe with a maximum lift coefficient Clmax which exceeds the Clmax of a mechanized wing with a flap released during takeoff and landing. In horizontal flight, the Cl is three times larger than that of a typical wing. The wing with the developed profiles has a high propulsive efficiency due to the proximity of pressure and velocity in the thrust section of the airfoils and external flow. At the same time, the thrust surface of the propulsive wing exceeds the nozzle area or the total coverage of aircraft propellers by several times. The developed airfoils and integrated aerodynamic layout of the aircraft are well combined with the principles of building a distributed power plant, and allow you to combine immunity to increased atmospheric turbulence during vertical takeoff and landing with economical horizontal flight. Airfoils have an important advantage over traditional wing mechanization because they have no moving parts, and the increase or decrease in lift is regulated by changing the flow rate of the sucked air.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аэродинамический профиль</kwd><kwd>математическое моделирование</kwd><kwd>оптимизация</kwd><kwd>пропульсивное крыло</kwd><kwd>численный эксперимент</kwd><kwd>энергетические методы увеличения подъемной силы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>aerodynamic profile</kwd><kwd>mathematical modeling</kwd><kwd>optimization</kwd><kwd>propulsive wing</kwd><kwd>numerical experiment</kwd><kwd>power aerodynamic</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации в ходе реализации проекта «Фундаментальные основы механики, систем контроля и управления беспилотных авиационных систем с формообразующими конструкциями, глубоко интегрированными с силовыми установками, и уникальными свойствами, не применяемыми сегодня в пилотируемой авиации», № FEFM‑2020‑0001.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out with the financial support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation during the implementation of the project “Fundamentals of mechanics, control and control systems of unmanned aircraft systems with form-forming structures deeply integrated with power plants and unique properties not used today in manned aviation”, No. FEFM-2020-0001.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Felder J.L., Tong M.T., Chu J. 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