ntvНаучно-технический вестник информационных технологий, механики и оптикиScientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics2226-14942500-0373Университет ИТМО10.17586/2226-1494-2023-23-2-340-351ntv-380Research ArticleИСКУССТВЕННЫЙ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТ И КОГНИТИВНЫЕ ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND COGNITIVE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIESВыделение ролей в сетях общественного транспорта с атрибутами узлов: описание моделиRole discovery in node-attributed public transportation networks: the model descriptionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8140-010XЛыткинЮ. В.LytkinY. V.

Лыткин Юрий Всеволодович — кандидат физико-математических наук, старший научный сотрудник

Санкт-Петербург, 197101

sc 57155292900

Yuri V. Lytkin — PhD (Physics & Mathematics), Senior Researcher

Saint Petersburg, 197101

sc 57155292900

jurasicus@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8169-8436ЧунаевП. В.ChunaevP. V.

Чунаев Петр Владимирович — кандидат физико-математических наук, старший научный сотрудник

Санкт-Петербург, 197101

sc 36522457300

Petr V. Chunaev — PhD (Physics & Mathematics), Senior Researcher

Saint Petersburg, 197101

sc 36522457300

chunaev@itmo.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2537-4087ГрадовТ. А.GradovT. A.

Градов Тимофей Алексеевич — инженер

Санкт-Петербург, 197101

sc 57221121540

Timofey A. Gradov — Engineer

Saint Petersburg, 197101

sc 57221121540

timagradov@yahoo.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8343-2519БойцовА. А.BoytsovA. A.

Бойцов Антон Алексеевич — инженер

Санкт-Петербург, 197101

 

Anton A. Boytsov — Engineer

Saint Petersburg, 197101

aboytsov@itmo.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2805-1323СаитовИ. А.SaitovI. A.

Саитов Ирек Аликович — инженер

Санкт-Петербург, 197101

sc 57215429754

Irek A. Saitov — Engineer

Saint Petersburg, 197101

sc 57215429754

xanilegendx@gmail.comУниверситет ИТМОРоссияITMO UniversityRussian Federation202321122024232340351Copyright © Лыткин Ю.В., Чунаев П.В., Градов Т.А., Бойцов А.А., Саитов И.А., 20242024Лыткин Ю.В., Чунаев П.В., Градов Т.А., Бойцов А.А., Саитов И.А.Lytkin Y.V., Chunaev P.V., Gradov T.A., Boytsov A.A., Saitov I.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/380

Предмет исследования. Моделирование систем общественного транспорта с позиций теории сложных сетей имеет большое значение для повышения их эффективности и надежности. При этом важной задачей является анализ ролей узлов и взвешенных связей в сети, моделирующих группы остановок общественного транспорта и связывающие их маршруты. В настоящее время данная задача решена на основе только топологической и геопространственной информации о наличии маршрутов между остановками и их географическом положении. Такое ограничение приводит к проблеме неинтерпретируемости выделенных ролей. Для решения проблемы определения ролей в сетях в предложенной модели транспорта дополнительно учтена информация о социальной инфраструктуре вокруг остановок, а также осуществлено выделение совместно топологических, геопространственных и инфраструктурных ролей. Метод. Система общественного транспорта смоделирована с помощью специальной взвешенной сети — с атрибутами узлов. При этом узлы — непересекающиеся группы остановок, объединенные по геопространственному положению, атрибуты узлов — векторы, содержащие сведения о социальной инфраструктуре вокруг остановок, а взвешенные связи интегрируют информацию о расстоянии и количестве пересадок в маршрутах между остановками. Для идентификации модели достаточно использовать только открытые городские данные о системе общественного транспорта. Выделение ролей остановок выполнено путем кластеризации узлов сети в соответствии с их топологическими и атрибутивными признаками. Основные результаты. Предложена обобщенная модель системы общественного транспорта. Представлен новый подход решения задачи выделения ролей остановок, обеспечивающий интерпретируемость с топологической, геопространственной и инфраструктурной точек зрения. Модель идентифицирована на открытых данных Санкт-Петербурга об остановках подземного, троллейбусного и автобусного транспорта, а также организациях и предприятиях вокруг остановок. На основе данных найдены сбалансированные параметры объединения остановок, назначения весов связей и построения векторов атрибутов для последующего использования в задаче выделения ролей. Практическая значимость. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы для определения транспортных и инфраструктурных недостатков реальных систем общественного транспорта, которые следует учитывать для улучшения функционирования этих систем в будущем.

Modeling public transport systems from the standpoint of the theory of complex networks is of great importance to improve their efficiency and reliability. An important task here is to analyze the roles of nodes and weighted links in the network, respectively modeling groups of public transport stops and their linking routes. In previous works, this problem was solved based on only topological and geospatial information about the presence of routes between stops and their geographical location which led to the problem of uninterpretability of the discovered roles. In this article, to solve the problem, the model additionally considers information about the social infrastructure around the stops and discovers topological, geospatial, and infrastructure roles jointly. The public transport system is modeled using a special weighted network — with node attributes where nodes are non-overlapping groups of stops united by geospatial location, node attributes are vectors containing information about the social infrastructure around stops, and weighted links integrate information about the distance and number of transfers in routes between stops. To identify the model, it is sufficient to use only open urban data on the public transport system. Role discovery for stops is carried out by clustering network nodes in accordance with their topological and attributive features. An extended model of the public transport system and a new approach to solving the problem of discovering the roles of stops, providing interpretability from the topological, geospatial and infrastructural points of view, are proposed. The model was identified on the open data of Saint Petersburg about metro stations, trolleybus and bus stops as well as organizations and enterprises around the stations and stops. Based on the data, balanced parameters for grouping stops, assigning link weights and constructing attribute vectors are found for further use in the role discovery task. The results of the study can be used to identify transport and infrastructure shortcomings of real public transport systems which should be considered to improve the functioning of these systems in the future.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.