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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ntv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-технический вестник информационных технологий, механики и оптики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-1494</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0373</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет ИТМО</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17586/2226-1494-2024-24-6-907-912</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ntv-396</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОПТИЧЕСКИЕ СИСТЕМЫ И ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OPTICAL ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Методика компенсации постоянной составляющей шумов рефлектограммы волоконно-оптической линии связи в условиях недостаточного динамического диапазона оптического рефлектометра обратного рассеяния во временной области</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Method for compensating the constant component of noise in the reflectogram of a fiber-optic communication line under conditions of insufficient dynamic range of an optical backscatter reflectometer in the time domain</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1562-9362</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сандровский</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sandrovskii</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сандровский Александр Андреевич - инженер, Санкт-Петербург, 197101;</p><p>инженер-программист, Москва, 111033</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandr A. Sandrovskii - Engineer, Saint Petersburg, 197101</p><p>Software Development Engineer, Moscow, 111033</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aasandrovskii@itmo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2047-5738</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарков</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharkov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шарков Илья Александрович - кандидат технических наук, научный сотрудник, </p><p>Санкт-Петербург, 197101</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya A. Sharkov - PhD, Scientific Researcher,</p><p>Saint Petersburg, 197101</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">isharkov@itmo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2506-0379</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плотников</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Plotnikov</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Плотников Михаил Юрьевич - кандидат технических наук, доцент, заведующий лабораторией, </p><p>Санкт-Петербург, 197101</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail Yu. Plotnikov - PhD, Associate Professor, Head of Laboratory,</p><p>Saint Petersburg, 197101</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">plotnikov-michael@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9812-4447</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ушанов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ushanov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ушанов Святослав Анатольевич - инженер-исследователь,</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, 197101</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svyatoslav A. Ushanov - Researching Engineer,</p><p>Saint Petersburg, 197101</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">saushanov@itmo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0021-9737</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончаров</surname><given-names>Д. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goncharov</surname><given-names>D. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гончаров Денис Борисович - инженер, Санкт-Петербург, 197101;</p><p>инженер, Москва, 111033</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis B. Goncharov - Engineer, Saint Petersburg, 197101;</p><p>Engineer, Moscow, 111033</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">denis.goncharov.1998@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9822-9898</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпов</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpov</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карпов Евгений Евгеньевич - инженер,</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, 197101</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgenii E. Karpov - Engineer,</p><p>Saint Petersburg, 197101</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eekarpov@itmo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет ИТМО;&#13;
АО «Управление перспективных технологий»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>ITMO University;&#13;
JSC Department of Advanced Technologies</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет ИТМО</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>ITMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>907</fpage><lpage>912</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сандровский А.А., Шарков И.А., Плотников М.Ю., Ушанов С.А., Гончаров Д.Б., Карпов Е.Е., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сандровский А.А., Шарков И.А., Плотников М.Ю., Ушанов С.А., Гончаров Д.Б., Карпов Е.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sandrovskii A.A., Sharkov I.A., Plotnikov M.Y., Ushanov S.A., Goncharov D.B., Karpov E.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/396">https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/396</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Предложена методика компенсации постоянной шумовой составляющей рефлектограмм для когерентного оптического рефлектометра обратного рассеяния во временной области. Представленное решение обеспечивает корректную визуализацию рефлектограмм, улучшает их читаемость и позволяет осуществлять регистрацию слабых отраженных сигналов с волоконной линии связи. Экспериментальная апробация методики проведена на действующем образце когерентного оптического рефлектометра.</p></sec><sec><title>Метод</title><p>Метод. Для компенсации постоянной составляющей шумов рефлектограммы предложено регистрировать сигнал шумов со входного тракта рефлектометра непосредственно до отправки оптического зондирующего сигнала в линию связи. Полученные таким образом данные не несут в себе полезного сигнала с линии связи. При этом данные можно использовать для определения постоянной составляющей уровня шума с помощью вычисления его среднеквадратического значения. Компенсация постоянного уровня шума осуществляется путем вычитания постоянной составляющей шумов из данных всей рефлектограммы.</p></sec><sec><title>Основные результаты</title><p>Основные результаты. Апробация описанной методики выполнена на действующем образце когерентного оптического рефлектометра, разработанного в научно-исследовательском центре световодной фотоники Университета ИТМО. Методика апробирована на двух тестовых волоконных линиях: оптическом волокне длиной 200 км и линии длиной 300 км с тремя оптическими усилителями. Показано, что применение методики позволяет существенно расширить динамический диапазон сигналов, представленных на рефлектограммах, на величину более 10 дБ, и повысить различимость слабых сигналов на уровне шумов прибора.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Практическая значимость работы заключается в возможности компенсации постоянной составляющей шумов рефлектограммы волоконно-оптической линии связи с оптическими усилителями без калибровок и предварительных настроек когерентного оптического рефлектометра.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A method for compensating for the constant noise component of reflectograms for a coherent optical backscatter reflectometer in the time domain is proposed. The presented solution ensures correct visualization of reflectograms, improves their readability and allows recording weak reflected signals from a fiber communication line. The experimental testing of the method was carried out on a working sample of a coherent optical reflectometer. To compensate for the constant component of reflectogram noise, it is proposed to record the noise signal from the input path of the reflectometer immediately before sending the optical probing signal to the communication line. The data obtained in this way do not contain a useful signal from the connection line. In this case, the data can be used to determine the constant component of the noise level by calculating its root mean square value. Compensation for the constant noise level is performed by subtracting the constant component of the noise from the data of the entire reflectogram. The described method was tested on a working sample of a coherent optical reflectometer developed at the Light-Guided Photonics Research Center of ITMO University. The technique was tested on two test fiber lines: a 200-km-long optical fiber and a 300-km-long line with three optical amplifiers. It was shown that the application of the technique allows to significantly expand the dynamic range of signals presented on reflectograms by more than 10 dB and to increase the distinguishability of weak signals at the noise level of the device. The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of compensating for the constant component of noise in the reflectogram of a fiber-optic communication line with optical amplifiers without calibrations and preliminary settings of the coherent optical reflectometer.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>когерентный рефлектометр</kwd><kwd>оптическая рефлектометрия</kwd><kwd>шум</kwd><kwd>волоконно-оптическая линия связи</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>coherent reflectometer</kwd><kwd>optical-reflectometry</kwd><kwd>COTDR</kwd><kwd>noise</kwd><kwd>fiber-optic communication line</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации (проект № FSER-2024-0006).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out within the state assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (project No. FSER-2024-0006).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Undersea Fiber Communication Systems / ed. by J. 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