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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ntv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-технический вестник информационных технологий, механики и оптики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-1494</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0373</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет ИТМО</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17586/2226-1494-2025-25-1-68-77</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ntv-422</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОМПЬЮТЕРНЫЕ СИСТЕМЫ И ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COMPUTER SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Метод семантической сегментации данных воздушного лазерного сканирования водоохранных зон</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Method of semantic segmentation of airborne laser scanning data of water protection zones</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4506-1857</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сай</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sai</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сай Сергей Владимирович — доктор технических наук, профессор, профессор</p><p>Хабаровск, 680035</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Sai — D.Sc., Full Professor</p><p>Khabarovsk 680035</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sai1111@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3231-8569</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зинкевич</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zinkevich</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зинкевич Алексей Владимирович — кандидат технических наук, доцент</p><p>Хабаровск, 680035</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey V. Zinkevich — PhD, Associate Professor</p><p>Khabarovsk 680035</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zinkevich1985@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тихоокеанский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pacific National University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>68</fpage><lpage>77</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сай С.В., Зинкевич А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сай С.В., Зинкевич А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sai S.V., Zinkevich A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/422">https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/422</self-uri><abstract><p>Аннотация Введение. Выполнена оценка эффективности нейросетевого метода семантической сегментации трехмерных облаков точек, полученных с использованием беспилотного летательного аппарата «Геоскан 401 Лидар». Реализована нейронная сеть, основанная на модели глубокого обучения PointNet++, которая использует метод непосредственной обработки облаков точек. Разработана методика получения и подготовки набора данных с четырьмя классами: земля, растительность, транспортные средства и строительные объекты. Для увеличения точности оценки предложена методика, основанная на аугментации и перераспределении наборов данных. Метод. Модель нейронной сети состоит из иерархически построенных блоков, выполняющих выборку, группировку и извлечение признаков. Изменение количества блоков и задание радиуса поиска локальных признаков влияет на точность сегментации и вычислительные затраты. Основные результаты. Проведена оценка эффективности метода семантической сегментации трехмерных облаков точек, полученных с помощью беспилотного летательного аппарата. Методика аугментации и перераспределения наборов данных позволила улучшить среднее значение Intersection over Union (IoU) не менее, чем на 35 %. Для полученных данных определен оптимальный радиус в слое группировки, при котором обеспечивается баланс между детализацией и чувствительностью. Установлено, что увеличение количества точек в наборе данных не приводит к существенному росту точности, однако разнообразие используемых наборов данных улучшает эффективность подхода. Обсуждение. Разработанный набор данных позволяет повысить эффективность применяемого подхода, в том числе при обучении на иных моделях. Полученные результаты исследования свидетельствуют о перспективности использования предложенных методик и алгоритмов при решении задачи построения цифровых моделей реки Амур и ее основных притоков.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article presents an evaluation of the efficiency of a neural network method for the semantic segmentation of three-dimensional point clouds obtained using the Geoscan 401 Lidar UAV. The proposed implementation of the neural network is based on the PointNet++ deep learning model which directly processes point clouds. A technique has been developed for acquiring and preparing a dataset with four classes: land, vegetation, vehicles, and construction objects. To increase the accuracy of the evaluation, a technique based on augmentation and redistribution of the datasets has been proposed. The neural network model consists of hierarchically constructed blocks that perform sampling, grouping, and feature extraction. Adjusting the number of blocks and setting the search radius for local features affects both the accuracy of segmentation and computational costs. The efficiency of the method for semantic segmentation of three-dimensional point clouds obtained using the Geoscan 401 Lidar UAV has been evaluated. The augmentation and redistribution technique improved the average Intersection over Union (IoU) value by at least 35 %. For the obtained data, the optimal radius in the grouping layer was determined, ensuring a balance between detail and sensitivity. It was found that an increase in the number of points in the dataset does not lead to a significant improvement in accuracy; however, the diversity of the datasets used enhances the method efficiency. The developed dataset increases the effectiveness of the applied approach, including when training other models. The results of this study indicate the potential for using the proposed methods and algorithms in constructing digital models of the Amur River and its main tributaries.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лидарная съемка</kwd><kwd>воздушное лазерное сканирование</kwd><kwd>облако точек</kwd><kwd>семантическая сегментация</kwd><kwd>нейронная сеть PointNet</kwd><kwd>гидрологические исследования</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Lidar survey</kwd><kwd>airborne laser scanning</kwd><kwd>point cloud</kwd><kwd>semantic segmentation</kwd><kwd>PointNet neural network</kwd><kwd>hydrological research</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 24-11-20024 и Министерства образования и науки Хабаровского края (cоглашение № 124С/2024).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation No. 24-11-20024 and the Ministry of Education and Science of Khabarovsk Krai (Agreement No. 124C/2024).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Неров И.О., Краснопеев С.М., Бугаец А.Н., Беликов В.В., Глотко А.В., Борисова Н.М., Васильева Е.С., Кролевецкая Ю.В. 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