<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ntv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-технический вестник информационных технологий, механики и оптики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-1494</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0373</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет ИТМО</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17586/2226-1494-2025-25-5-797-806</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ntv-509</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОПТИЧЕСКИЕ СИСТЕМЫ И ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OPTICAL ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Применение машинного зрения для автоматического контроля  процесса выращивания монокристаллов галогенидов таллия  по методу Бриджмена–Стокбаргера</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Application of machine vision for automatic control of the process of growing monocrystals of thallium halides using the Bridgman-Stockbarger method</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6265-9052</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмин</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmin</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузьмин Максим Игоревич — руководитель направления по разработке программного обеспечения</p><p>Москва, 111524</p><p>sc 59374615000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim I. Kuzmin — Head of the Software Development Department</p><p>Moscow, 111524</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mimikatz@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8149-5302</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ельников</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Elnikov</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ельников Максим Сергеевич — стажер-исследователь; студент</p><p>Москва, 111524</p><p>Москва, 105005</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim S. Elnikov — Research Intern; Student</p><p>Moscow, 111524</p><p>Moscow, 105005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elnikow.max@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4419-6983</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кушнирук</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kushniruk</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кушнирук Давид Ильич — начальник группы</p><p>Москва, 111524</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>David I. Kushniruk — Head of Group</p><p>Moscow, 111524</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">k.davjd@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1782-9623</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морозов</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morozov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Морозов Максим Витальевич — ведущий инженер-технолог</p><p>Москва, 111524</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim V. Morozov — Leading Process Engineer</p><p>Moscow, 111524</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">MViMorozov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8441-4424</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузнецов Михаил Сергеевич — начальник лаборатории</p><p>Москва, 111524</p><p>sc 55421893200</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail S. Kuznetsov — Head of Laboratory</p><p>sc 55421893200</p><p>Moscow, 111524</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gradan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный научно-исследовательский и проектный институт редкометаллической промышленности «Гиредмет» имени Н.П. Сажина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>JSC N.P. Sazhin State Scientific Research and Design Institute of Rare Metal Industry “Giredmet”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственный научно-исследовательский и проектный институт редкометаллической промышленности «Гиредмет» имени Н.П. Сажина; Московский государственный технический университет им. Н.Э. Баумана</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>JSC N.P. Sazhin State Scientific Research and Design Institute of Rare Metal Industry “Giredmet”; Bauman Moscow State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>797</fpage><lpage>806</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кузьмин М.И., Ельников М.С., Кушнирук Д.И., Морозов М.В., Кузнецов М.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кузьмин М.И., Ельников М.С., Кушнирук Д.И., Морозов М.В., Кузнецов М.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuzmin M.I., Elnikov M.S., Kushniruk D.I., Morozov M.V., Kuznetsov M.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/509">https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/509</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Рассмотрена проблема управления процессом выращивания монокристаллов галогенидов таллия методом Бриджмена–Стокбаргера. Определена важность обеспечения робастного управления температурным градиентом в зоне кристаллизации, оказывающего прямое влияние на качество получаемого монокристалла. Предложено и научно обосновано применение методов машинного зрения для определения положения границы расплав–кристалл и последующего автоматического управления температурным режимом выращивания.</p></sec><sec><title>Метод</title><p>Метод. Для автоматизированного управления температурным градиентом предлагается использовать алгоритм, основанный на визуальном отслеживании положения кристаллизующейся границы (фронта). Распознавание фронта осуществляется посредством применения инструментов машинного зрения, позволяющих производить расчет корректирующего управляющего воздействия на верхнюю зону нагрева установки.</p></sec><sec><title>Основные результаты</title><p>Основные результаты. Представлено описание ключевых шагов алгоритма, приведена его блок-схема. На примере одной итерации производственного цикла проанализирована во времени динамика изменения высоты границы расплав–кристалл и температуры верхней печи. Соответствие полученного на опытной установке продукта принятым техническим условиям подтверждает эффективность предлагаемого подхода в стабилизации температурного профиля.</p></sec><sec><title>Обсуждение</title><p>Обсуждение. Разработанный алгоритм позволяет отказаться от ручного регулирования параметров на каждой установке и обеспечивает возможности для горизонтального масштабирования производства. Подход демонстрирует преимущества по сравнению с традиционными методами управления в контексте повышения повторяемости и качества выращиваемых монокристаллов. Предложенный алгоритм может быть использован при проектировании и модернизации установок, работающих по методу Бриджмена–Стокбаргера. Основным ограничением предлагаемого подхода является его применимость только к процессам, в которых осуществляется выращивание монокристаллов, обладающих характерной окраской.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article discusses the issue of controlling the growth process of monocrystals of thallium halides using the Bridgman-Stockbarger technique. The significance of maintaining a stable temperature gradient in the crystallization zone, which has a direct effect on the quality of the final monocrystal, is determined. The use of machine vision techniques to determine the position of the melt-crystal interface and subsequently automatic control of the temperature regime is proposed and scientifically justified. To control the temperature gradient automatically, it is suggested to utilize an algorithm that relies on visual tracking of the crystallization front. This front is identified using machine vision techniques, that allow calculating the corrective action on the upper heating zone of the apparatus. A brief overview of the main steps of the algorithm is provided, and a flowchart illustrating the process is included. Using the example of one iteration of the production cycle, the over time dynamics of changes in the height of the melt-crystal interface and the temperature of the upper furnace are analyzed. The compliance of the product obtained at the pilot apparatus with the accepted technical conditions confirms the effectiveness of the proposed approach in stabilizing the temperature profile. The developed algorithm eliminates manual parameter control at each apparatus, providing opportunities for horizontal scaling of production. It demonstrates advantages over traditional control methods, increasing the repeatability and quality of grown monocrystals. It can be used in the design and modernization of Bridgman-Stockbarger apparatuses. The main limitation of proposed approach is that it can only be applied to processes involving the growth of monocrystals with specific coloration.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>машинное зрение</kwd><kwd>автоматическое управление</kwd><kwd>галогениды таллия</kwd><kwd>метод Бриджмена–Стокбаргера</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>machine vision</kwd><kwd>automatic control</kwd><kwd>thallium halides</kwd><kwd>Bridgman-Stockbarger method</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lang W. Silicon microstructuring technology // Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports. 1996. V. 17. N 1. P. 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/0927-796X(96)00190-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lang W. Silicon microstructuring technology // Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports. 1996. V. 17. N 1. P. 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/0927-796X(96)00190-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaplunov I.A., Kolesnikov A.I., Gavalyan M.Y., Belotserkovskiy A.V. Optical properties of large germanium monocrystals // Optics and Spectroscopy. 2016. V. 120. N 4. P. 654–659. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0030400X16030139</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaplunov I.A., Kolesnikov A.I., Gavalyan M.Y., Belotserkovskiy A.V. Optical properties of large germanium monocrystals // Optics and Spectroscopy. 2016. V. 120. N 4. P. 654–659. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0030400X16030139</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Isaenko L., Yelisseyev A., Tkachuk A., Ivanova S. New monocrystals with low phonon energy for mid-IR lasers // NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B: Physics and Biophysics. 2008. P. 3–65. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6463-0_1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Isaenko L., Yelisseyev A., Tkachuk A., Ivanova S. New monocrystals with low phonon energy for mid-IR lasers // NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B: Physics and Biophysics. 2008. P. 3–65. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6463-0_1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Taubin M.L., Yaskolko A.A. Improvement of medical X-ray tube performance // Biomedical Engineering. 2010. V. 44. N 2. P. 73–75. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10527-010-9159-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Taubin M.L., Yaskolko A.A. Improvement of medical X-ray tube performance // Biomedical Engineering. 2010. V. 44. N 2. P. 73–75. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10527-010-9159-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ababiy I., Aramă E. Advantages of applications UV detectors based on stratified crystals in medicine // Proc. of the Professional Education and Economic Needs of the Black Sea Region. 2015. P. 127–133.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ababiy I., Aramă E. Advantages of applications UV detectors based on stratified crystals in medicine // Proc. of the Professional Education and Economic Needs of the Black Sea Region. 2015. P. 127–133.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ganesh V., Shkir M., Maurya K.K., Yahia I.S., AlFaify S. Phenol red dyed bis thiourea cadmium acetate monocrystal growth and characterization for optoelectronic applications // Journal of Materials Research. 2018. V. 33. N 16. P. 2364–2375. https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2018.235</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ganesh V., Shkir M., Maurya K.K., Yahia I.S., AlFaify S. Phenol red dyed bis thiourea cadmium acetate monocrystal growth and characterization for optoelectronic applications // Journal of Materials Research. 2018. V. 33. N 16. P. 2364–2375. https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2018.235</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wischnewski M., Delibas B., Wischnewski A., Pertsch P. Microscale monocrystal ultrasonic actuators for miniature optical systems // Proc. of the International Conference and Exhibition on New Actuator Systems and Applications. 2022. P. 1–4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wischnewski M., Delibas B., Wischnewski A., Pertsch P. Microscale monocrystal ultrasonic actuators for miniature optical systems // Proc. of the International Conference and Exhibition on New Actuator Systems and Applications. 2022. P. 1–4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang D., Chen J.S. Progress on the applications of piezoelectric materials in sensors // Materials Science Forum. 2016. V. 848. P. 749–756. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.848.749</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang D., Chen J.S. Progress on the applications of piezoelectric materials in sensors // Materials Science Forum. 2016. V. 848. P. 749–756. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.848.749</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лапшин В.В., Захаревич Е.М., Кузнецов М.С., Зараменских К.С., Осипов А.В. Технология обработки оптических деталей из кристаллов КРС-5 методом алмазного точения и фрезерования // Фотоника. 2021. Т. 15. № 1. С. 18–28. https://doi.org/10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2021.15.1.18.28</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lapshin V.V., Zakharevich E.M., Kuznetsov M.S., Zaramenskikh K.S., Osipov A.V. Technology of machining optical parts made of KRS-5 crystals by diamond turning and milling. Photonics Russia, 2021, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 18–28. (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.22184/1993-7296.FRos.2021.15.1.18.28</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жукова Л.В., Китаев Г.А., Козлов Ф.Н. Растворимость TlBr, TlI и их твердых растворов в воде // Журнал физической химии. 1978. Т. 52. № 7. С. 1692–1695.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhukova L.V., Kitaev G.A., Kozlov F.N. On solubility of TlBr, TlI and their solid solutions. Zhurnal Fizicheskoj Himii, 1978, vol. 52, no. 7, pp. 1692–1695. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Китаев Г.А., Жукова Л.В., Козлов Ф.Н. Растворимость галогенидов таллия(I) и их твёрдых изоморфных смесей в полярных растворителях // Журнал физической химии. 1980. Т. 54. № 8. С. 2032–2036.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kitaev G.A., Zhukova L.V., Kozlov F.N. Solubility of thallium(I) halides and their solid isomorphic mixtures in polar solvents. Zhurnal Fizicheskoj Himii, 1980, vol. 54, no. 8, pp. 2032–2036. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жукова Л.В., Китаев Г.А., Козлов Ф.Н. Растворимость галогенидов одновалентного таллия в воде и неводных растворителях. Справочник по продуктам растворимости. Новосибирск: Наука, 1983. 191 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhukova L.V., Kitaev G.A., Kozlov F.N. Solubility of Monovalent Thallium Halides in Water and Non-Aqueous Solvents. Handbook of Solubility Products. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 1983, 191 p. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Козлов Ф.Н., Китаев Г.А., Жукова Л.В. Растворимость и кристаллизация галогенидов таллия(I) из водных растворов // Журнал неорганический химии. 1983. Т. 28. № 2. С. 482–486.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kozlov F.N., Kitaev G.A., Zhukova L.V. Solubility and crystallization of thallium(i) halides from aqueous-solutions. Zhurnal Neorganicheskoi Khimii, 1983, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 482–486. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haynes W.M. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. CRC Press, 2016. 2670 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Haynes W.M. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. CRC Press, 2016, 2670 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bridgman P.W. Crystals and their manufacture. Patent US1793672A. 1931.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bridgman P.W. Crystals and their manufacture. Patent US1793672A. 1931.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ерохин С.В., Зараменских К.С., Кузнецов М.С., Пилюшко С.М. Оптимизация процесса роста монокристалла КРС-5 с помощью расчета градиента температуры методом конечных элементов // Тонкие химические технологии. 2025. Т. 20. № 1. С. 55–62. https://doi.org/10.32362/2410-6593-2025-20-1-55-62</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Erohin S.V., Zaramenskikh K.S., Kuznetsov M.S., Pilyushko S.M. Optimization of KRS-5 single crystal growth process by calculation of temperature gradient using finite element method. Fine Chemical Technologies, 2025, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 55-62. (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.32362/2410-6593-2025-20-1-55-62</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Potts H., Wilcox W.R. Thermal fields in the Bridgman–Stockbarger technique // Journal of Crystal Growth. 1985. V. 73. N 2. P. 350–358. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0248(85)90312-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Potts H., Wilcox W.R. Thermal fields in the Bridgman–Stockbarger technique // Journal of Crystal Growth. 1985. V. 73. N 2. P. 350–358. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0248(85)90312-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mouchovski J.T., Penev V.T., Kuneva R.B. Control of the growth optimum in producing high-quality CaF2 crystals by an improved Bridgman–Stockbarger technique // Crystal Research and Technology. 1996. V. 31. N 6. P. 727–737. https://doi.org/10.1002/crat.2170310603</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mouchovski J.T., Penev V.T., Kuneva R.B. Control of the growth optimum in producing high-quality CaF2 crystals by an improved Bridgman–Stockbarger technique // Crystal Research and Technology. 1996. V. 31. N 6. P. 727–737. https://doi.org/10.1002/crat.2170310603</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nicoară D., Nicoară I. An improved Bridgman–Stockbarger crystalgrowth system // Materials Science and Engineering: A. 1988. V. 102. N 2. P. L1–L4. https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-5416(88)90584-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nicoară D., Nicoară I. An improved Bridgman–Stockbarger crystalgrowth system // Materials Science and Engineering: A. 1988. V. 102. N 2. P. L1–L4. https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-5416(88)90584-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chang C.E., Wilcox W.R. Control of interface shape in the vertical Bridgman–Stockbarger technique // Journal of Crystal Growth. 1974. V. 21. N 1. P. 135–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0248(74)90161-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chang C.E., Wilcox W.R. Control of interface shape in the vertical Bridgman–Stockbarger technique // Journal of Crystal Growth. 1974. V. 21. N 1. P. 135–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0248(74)90161-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rosen G.J., Carlson F.M., Thompson J.E., Wilcox W.R., Wallace J.P. Monitoring vertical Bridgman–Stockbarger growth of cadmium telluride by an eddy current technique // Journal of Electronic Materials. 1995. V. 24. N 5. P. 491–495. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02657952</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rosen G.J., Carlson F.M., Thompson J.E., Wilcox W.R., Wallace J.P. Monitoring vertical Bridgman–Stockbarger growth of cadmium telluride by an eddy current technique // Journal of Electronic Materials. 1995. V. 24. N 5. P. 491–495. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02657952</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
