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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ntv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-технический вестник информационных технологий, механики и оптики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-1494</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0373</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет ИТМО</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17586/2226-1494-2025-25-6-1003-1013</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ntv-533</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОПТИЧЕСКИЕ СИСТЕМЫ И ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OPTICAL ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Абляция объемного халькогенидного стекла As2Se3 при воздействии фемтосекундными лазерными импульсами с высокой частотой следования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ablation of bulk chalcogenide glass As2Se3 by high-repetition-rate femtosecond laser pulses</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8728-260X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шамова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shamova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александра Андреевна Шамова, кандидат физико-математических наук, ассистент, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>197101; Санкт-Петербург</p><p>sc 57103706700</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra A. Shamova, PhD (Physics &amp; Mathematics), Assistant, Junior Researcher</p><p>197101; Saint Petersburg</p><p>sc 57103706700</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aashamova@itmo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6240-4057</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поляков</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polyakov</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Сергеевич Поляков, кандидат физико-математических наук, ассистент, научный сотрудник</p><p>197101; Санкт-Петербург</p><p>sc 57212832118</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry S. Polyakov, PhD (Physics &amp; Mathematics), Assistant, Scientific Researcher</p><p>197101; Saint Petersburg</p><p>sc 57212832118</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polyakovdmitry1988@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9548-791X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Долгополов</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dolgopolov</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Артур Джуракулович Долгополов,  ассистент, инженер-исследователь</p><p>197101; Санкт-Петербург</p><p>sc 58637797100</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arthur D. Dolgopolov, Assistant, Engineer-Researcher</p><p>197101; Saint Petersburg</p><p>sc 58637797100</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">addolgopolov@itmo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3114-3410</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панькин</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pankin</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Васильевич Панькин, кандидат физико-математических наук, специалист</p><p>Ресурсный центр «Оптические и лазерные методы исследования вещества»; Научный парк</p><p>198504; Санкт-Петербург; Петергоф</p><p>sc 57190487236</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitrii V. Pankin, PhD (Physics &amp; Mathematics), Specialist</p><p>Center for Optical and Laser Materials Research; Research Park</p><p>198504; Saint Petersburg; Peterhof</p><p>sc 57190487236</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dmitrii.pankin@spbu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3501-1925</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шандыбина</surname><given-names>Г. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shandybina</surname><given-names>G. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галина Дмитриевна Шандыбина, кандидат физико-математиче-ских наук, доцент, ассистент</p><p>197101; Санкт-Петербург</p><p>sc 6602435275</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina D. Shandybina, PhD (Physics &amp; Mathematics), Associate Professor, Assistant</p><p>197101; Saint Petersburg</p><p>sc 6602435275</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">corchand@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет ИТМО</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>ITMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>1003</fpage><lpage>1013</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шамова А.А., Поляков Д.С., Долгополов А.Д., Панькин Д.В., Шандыбина Г.Д., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шамова А.А., Поляков Д.С., Долгополов А.Д., Панькин Д.В., Шандыбина Г.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shamova A.A., Polyakov D.S., Dolgopolov A.D., Pankin D.V., Shandybina G.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/533">https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/533</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>   Введение</title><p>   Введение. Фемтосекундная лазерная обработка халькогенидных стекол является перспективным методом высокоточной модификации их структуры и свойств для разработки оптических элементов инфракрасной фотоники. Одной из актуальных задач остается повышение скорости обработки стекла при обеспечении высокой пространственной точности и минимальных термических повреждений. При использовании режимов лазерного облучения с высокой частотой следования импульсов, обеспечивающих повышение производительности технологий, изменяются механизмы фазово-химических превращений и возрастает вклад накопительного нагрева. Однако динамика этих процессов в объемном материале остается недостаточно изученной. В работе предложено определение механизма изменения фазового и химического составов объемного халькогенидного стекла из селенида мышьяка (As2Se3) под действием серии фемтосекундных лазерных импульсов в режимах интенсивной абляции.</p></sec><sec><title>   Метод</title><p>   Метод. В качестве объекта исследования используются пластины халькогенидного стекла As2Se3, подвергнутые воздействию фемтосекудных лазерных импульсов с длиной волны 515 нм и частотой следования вплоть до 1 МГц. Диагностика образцов проводится методами цифровой оптической микроскопии и рамановской спектроскопии. Теоретический анализ включает в себя как расчеты фотовозбуждения и нагрева полупроводника одиночным лазерным импульсом, так и расчеты накопительного нагрева поверхности образца с учетом трехмерного теплоотвода.</p></sec><sec><title>   Основные результаты</title><p>   Основные результаты. При частоте следования лазерных импульсов 1 кГц установлен порог одноимпульсной лазерной абляции и определены параметры степенной зависимости порога абляции от количества импульсов («инкубационный эффект»). Проведен детальный анализ морфологии облученных образцов и химического состава продуктов лазерной абляции, в ходе которого установлено образование аморфного селена (а-Se) и кристаллов арсенолита (Аs2O3). Теоретический анализ позволил оценить степени нагрева и фотовозбуждения халькогенидного стекла As2Se3 одиночным лазерным импульсом и выявил существенный вклад эффекта накопления тепла в нагрев поверхности при частоте следования импульсов 1 МГц. На основе совокупности полученных результатов установлен парофазный механизм преобразования фазового и химического состава в объемном халькогенидном стекле As2Se3 при лазерной абляции с частотой следования фемтосекундных импульсов 1 МГц.</p></sec><sec><title>   Обсуждение</title><p>   Обсуждение. Полученные результаты открывают перспективы для разработки высокопроизводительных технологий фемтосекундного лазерного микроструктурирования халькогенидных материалов в фотонике и сенсорике.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   Femtosecond laser processing of chalcogenide glasses is a promising method for high-precision modification of their structure and properties for the development of optical elements for infrared photonics. One of the key challenges is to increase the processing speed while maintaining high spatial accuracy and minimal thermal damage. When using laser irradiation modes with a high pulse repetition rate, which ensures increased productivity of technologies, the mechanisms of phase-chemical transformations change and the contribution of accumulative heating increases. However, the dynamics of these processes in bulk material remains insufficiently studied. This paper studies the mechanism of phase and chemical composition transformation of As2Se3 bulk chalcogenide glass under the action of femtosecond laser pulses in the intense ablation modes.</p><p>   The objects of study are plates of chalcogenide glass As2Se3 irradiated by femtosecond laser pulses with a wavelength of 515 nm at repetition rates up to 1 MHz.</p><p>   The irradiated samples are analyzed using digital optical microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Theoretical analysis includes both calculations of photoexcitation and heating of the semiconductor by a single laser pulse as well as calculations of accumulative heating of the sample surface, taking into account three-dimensional heat removal. The single-pulse laser ablation threshold was established at a laser pulse repetition rate of 1 kHz and the parameters of the power-law dependence of the ablation threshold on the number of pulses (incubation effect) were determined. A detailed analysis of the morphology of the irradiated samples and the chemical composition of the laser ablation products was carried out revealing the formation of amorphous selenium (a-Se) and arsenolite crystals (As2O3). Theoretical analysis allowed us to estimate the degree of heating and photoexcitation of As2Se3 chalcogenide glass by a single laser pulse and revealed a significant contribution of the heat accumulation effect to the surface temperature rise at a pulse repetition rate of 1 MHz. Based on the combined experimental and theoretical results obtained, a vapor-phase mechanism of phase and chemical transformation in As2Se3 bulk glass has been established during femtosecond laser ablation with a pulse repetition rate of 1 MHz. These findings open up prospects for the development of high-performance technologies for femtosecond laser microstructuring of chalcogenide materials in photonics and sensing applications.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>объемное халькогенидное стекло</kwd><kwd>селенид мышьяка</kwd><kwd>фемтосекундная лазерная абляция</kwd><kwd>рамановская спектроскопия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bulk chalcogenide glass</kwd><kwd>arsenic selenide</kwd><kwd>femtosecond laser ablation</kwd><kwd>Raman spectroscopy</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания (проект № FSER-2025-0007). Авторы выражают благодарность Ресурсному центру «Оптические и лазерные методы исследования вещества» (проект № 125021902439-8) Научного парка Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета. Авторы также благодарны сотруднику Института лазерных технологий Университета ИТМО М.М. Сергееву за помощь в проведении экспериментов</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors acknowledge the financial support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (No. FSER-2025-0007). The authors acknowledge the Center for Optical and Laser Materials Research (Project No. 125021902439-8) of Research Park of Saint Petersburg State University. The authors are also grateful to M.M. Sergeev, a staff member of the Institute of Laser Technologies at ITMO University, for assistance with the experiments</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shirshnev P.S., Kang M., Divliansky I., Richardson K.A., Glebov L.B. Engineered refractive and diffractive optical composites via photothermal processes // Optical Materials Express. 2022. V. 12. N 9. 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