<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ntv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-технический вестник информационных технологий, механики и оптики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-1494</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0373</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет ИТМО</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17586/2226-1494-2026-26-3-640-651</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ntv-631</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ И КОМПЬЮТЕРНОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MODELING AND SIMULATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Архитектура программного комплекса для моделирования химических процессов в микрореакторах на основе модели C4</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Architecture of a software package for modeling chemical processes in microreactors based on the C4 model</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5507-1226</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ершов</surname><given-names>Д. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ershov</surname><given-names>D. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ершов Даниил Константинович — инженер</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, 197183</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, 190013</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daniil K. Ershov — Engineer</p><p>Saint Petersburg, 197183</p><p>Saint Petersburg, 190013</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">daniilershov2015@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5507-1226</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боровинская</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borovinskaya</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Боровинская Екатерина Сергеевна — доктор технических наук, доцент, профессор</p><p>sc 26029294400</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, 190013</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina S. Borovinskaya — D.Sc., Associate Professor, Professor</p><p>sc 26029294400</p><p>Saint Petersburg, 190013</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">melik_v@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АО «Атомэнергопроект»;Санкт-Петербургский государственный технологический институт</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Аtomenergoproekt JSC;  Saint Petersburg State Technological Institute (Technical University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный технологический институт</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg State Technological Institute (Technical University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>640</fpage><lpage>651</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ершов Д.К., Боровинская Е.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ершов Д.К., Боровинская Е.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ershov D.K., Borovinskaya E.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/631">https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/631</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Микрореакторы требуют интенсивного вычислительного моделирования для анализа сложных многофазных химических процессов, однако существующие программные решения обладают ограниченной функциональностью или отличаются высокой стоимостью. На сегодняшний день отсутствует комплексная архитектурная платформа, объединяющая моделирование, идентификацию параметров, анализ чувствительности и гидродинамические расчеты в едином программном комплексе. Такая платформа необходима для оптимизации конструкций микрореакторов и повышения эффективности их проектирования. Метод. Применена методология архитектурного проектирования программного обеспечения C4, на основе которой была разработана клиент-серверная архитектура с модульным разделением на подсистемы. В качестве технологического стека использованы JavaScript для клиентской части и Python с Django REST Framework для серверной части, что обеспечивает кроссплатформенность и масштабируемость решения. Основные результаты. Разработана масштабируемая архитектура программного комплекса, предназначенного для решения прямых и обратных кинетических задач произвольных химических реакций, идентификации и оптимизации параметров процессов, а также анализа чувствительности с целью выявления ключевых факторов системы. Особое внимание уделено подсистеме гидродинамического моделирования, архитектура которой включает парсер входных данных, генератор динамических систем уравнений, а также решатели многофазных потоков и химических реакций на границе раздела фаз. Модульная структура обеспечивает независимую разработку компонентов и возможность расширения функциональности программного комплекса за счет внедрения новых или модификации существующих контейнеров. Проведена апробация разработанного программного комплекса на примере моделирования трехстадийной реакции переэтерификации для производства биодизельного топлива в Т-образном микросмесителе. Результаты численного моделирования подтвердили корректность работы подсистемы гидродинамического моделирования. Обсуждение. Предложенная архитектура формирует основу для создания открытого программного комплекса, доступного инженерам-проектировщикам микрореакторов, исследователям в области химии и студентам химико-технологических специальностей. Использование модели C4 обеспечивает четкое разделение ответственности между компонентами системы и упрощает ее масштабирование. Клиент серверная организация позволяет эффективно распределять вычислительную нагрузку и обеспечивает доступность системы для пользователей с различными аппаратными возможностями. Разработанная архитектура может служить основой для дальнейшей разработки специализированных программных средств в области проектирования микрореакторных систем и интеграции с системами автоматизированного проектирования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Microreactors require intensive computational modeling to analyze complex multiphase chemical processes, but existing software solutions either have limited functionality or are expensive. To date, there is no comprehensive architectural platform that combines modeling, parameter identification, sensitivity analysis, and hydrodynamic calculations in a single software package. Such a platform is necessary for optimization and increasing the efficiency of the microreactors design process. The study uses the C4 software architectural design methodology based on which client server architecture with a modular division into subsystems was developed. JavaScript for the client part and Python with Django REST Framework for the server part were used as a technology stack, which ensures the cross-platform and scalable nature of the implementation. A scalable architecture of a software package has been developed which is able to solve direct and inverse kinetic problems of arbitrary chemical reactions, to identify and to optimize process parameters, and to make sensitivity analysis for identification of key factors of the system. Particular attention is paid to the hydrodynamic modeling subsystem the architecture of which includes an input data parser, a generator of dynamic systems of equations, and solvers for multiphase flows and chemical reactions at the phase boundary. The modular structure ensures independent development of components and the ability to expand the functionality of the software package by introducing new or modifying existing containers. The software package was tested using a three-stage transesterification simulation for biodiesel fuel production in a T-shaped micromixer. The results of the computational study confirmed the correct operation of the hydrodynamic subsystem. The proposed architecture forms the basis for creating an open software package available to microreactor design engineers, chemistry researchers, and students of chemical engineering specialties. The use of the C4 model ensures a clear division of responsibilities between the system components and simplifies its scaling. The client-server organization allows for efficient distribution of the computational load and ensures the availability of the system for users with different hardware capabilities. The developed architecture can serve as a basis for further development of specialized software tools in the field of microreactor system design and integration with computer-aided design systems.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>архитектура ПО</kwd><kwd>модель C4</kwd><kwd>прямая кинетическая задача</kwd><kwd>обратная кинетическая задача</kwd><kwd>анализ чувствительности</kwd><kwd>проектирование микрореакторов</kwd><kwd>вычислительная гидродинамика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>software architecture</kwd><kwd>C4 model</kwd><kwd>direct kinetic problem</kwd><kwd>inverse kinetic problem</kwd><kwd>sensitivity analysis</kwd><kwd>microreactor design</kwd><kwd>computational fluid dynamics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Фомин А.А., Фомина Л.Н. Численное решение уравнений НавьеСтокса при моделировании двумерных течений вязкой несжимаемой жидкости // Вестник Томского государственного университета. Математика и механика. 2014. №3 (29). С. 94–108.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fomin A.A., Fomina L.N. Numerical solution of the Navier - Stokes equations in the modeling of two-dimensional viscous incompressible fluid flows. Tomsk State University Journal of Mathematics and Mechanics. 2014, no.3 (29), pp. 94–108. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лашкин С.В., Козельков А.С., Ялозо А.В., Герасимов В.Ю., Зеленский Д.К. Исследование эффективности параллельной реализации алгоритма SIMPLE на многопроцессорных ЭВМ // Вычислительная механика сплошных сред. 2016. Т. 9. № 3. С. 298–315. doi: 10.7242/1999-6691/2016.9.3.25</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lashkin S.V., Kozelkov A.S., Yalozo A.V., Gerasimov V.Y., Zelensky D.K. Efficiency analysis of parallel implementation of SIMPLE algorithm on multi-processor computers. Computational Continuum Mechanics, 2016, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 298–315. (in Russian). doi: 10.7242/1999-6691/2016.9.3.25</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Беляев К.В., Гарбарук А.В., Стрелец М.Х., Шур М.Л., Спаларт П.Р. Опыт прямого численного моделирования турбулентности на суперкомпьютерах // Суперкомпьютерные дни в России: Труды международной конференции. М.: Московский Государственный Университет им. М.В. Ломоносова (Издательский Дом (Типография), 2016. С. 357–364.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belyaev K.V., Garbaruk A.V., Strelets M.Kh., Shur M.L., Spalart P.R. Experience in direct numerical simulation of turbulence on supercomputers. Proc. of the Russian Supercomputing Days, 2016, pp. 357–364. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khaydarov V. Reaktionstechnische und CFD-Untersuchungen der Mikrovermischung in Mikroreaktoren unterschiedlicher Struktur und ihr Einfluss auf chemische Reaktionen zweiter Ordnung. Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doctor rerum naturalium. Technische Universität Dresden, Fakultät Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften. Dresden, 2018. 203 s.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khaydarov V. Reaktionstechnische und CFD-Untersuchungen der Mikrovermischung in Mikroreaktoren unterschiedlicher Struktur und ihr Einfluss auf chemische Reaktionen zweiter Ordnung. Dissertation zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doctor rerum naturalium. Technische Universität Dresden, Fakultät Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften. Dresden, 2018. 203 s. (in German)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Очирова А.А., Ершов Д.К. Применение метода Морриса для оценки чувствительности параметров моделей // Информационные технологии в науке, образовании и производстве (ИТНОП-2023): Сборник трудов IX Международной научно-технической конференции. Белгород, 2023. С. 245–248.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ochirova A.A., Ershov D.K. Application of the Morris method to assess the sensitivity of model parameters. Proc. of the 9th International Scientific and Technical Conference „Information Technologies in Science, Education and Production“ (ITNOP-2023), 2023, pp. 245–248. (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Clements P., Bachmann F., Bass L., Garlan D., Ivers J., Little R., Merson P., Nord R., Stafford J. Documenting Software Architectures: Views and Beyond. Addison-Wesley Professional, 2010. 592 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Clements P., Bachmann F., Bass L., Garlan D., Ivers J., Little R., Merson P., Nord R., Stafford J. Documenting Software Architectures: Views and Beyond. Addison-Wesley Professional, 2010, 592 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ганди Р., Ричардс М., Форд Н. Head First. Архитектура ПО. СПб: Питер, 2025. 480 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gandhi R., Richards M., Ford N. Head First Software Architecture: A Learner’s Guide to Architectural Thinking. O’Reilly Media, 2024. 483 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Макконнелл С. Совершенный код: мастер-класс. СПб.: БХВ, 2022. 867 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McConnell S. Code Complete. Microsoft Press, 2004, 960 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zachman J.A. A framework for information systems architecture // IBM Systems Journal. 1987. V. 26. N 3. P. 276–292. doi: 10.1147/sj.263.0276</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zachman J.A. A framework for information systems architecture. IBM Systems Journal, 1987, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 276–292. doi: 10.1147/sj.263.0276</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Richards M., Ford N. Fundamentals of Software Architecture: An Engineering Approach. O’Reilly Media, 2020. 422 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Richards M., Ford N. Fundamentals of Software Architecture: An Engineering Approach. O’Reilly Media, 2020, 422 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kruchten P. Architecture blueprints — the “4+1” view model of software architecture // Tutorial Proceedings on TRI-Ada ‘95: Ada’s role in Global Markets: Solutions for a Changing Complex World. 1995. P. 540–555. doi: 10.1145/216591.216611</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kruchten P. Architecture blueprints — the “4+1” view model of software architecture. Tutorial Proceedings on TRI-Ada ‘95: Ada’s role in Global Markets: Solutions for a Changing Complex World, 1995, pp. 540–555. doi: 10.1145/216591.216611</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brown S. The C4 Model: for Visualising Software Architecture. Leanpub, 2022. 106 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brown S. The C4 Model: for Visualising Software Architecture. Leanpub, 2022, 106 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Enríquez R., Salazar A. Software Architecture with Spring 5.0: Design and Architect Highly Scalable, Robust, and High-Performance Java Applications. Packt Publishing, 2018. 372 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Enríquez R., Salazar A. Software Architecture with Spring 5.0: Design and Architect Highly Scalable, Robust, and High-Performance Java Applications. Packt Publishing, 2018, 372 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jacobson I., Spence I., Kerr B. Use-case 2.0: the hub of software development // Queue. 2016. V. 14. N 1. P. 95–123. doi: 10.1145/2898442.2912151</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jacobson I., Spence I., Kerr B. Use-case 2.0: the hub of software development. Queue, 2016, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 95–123. doi: 10.1145/2898442.2912151</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Portha J.-F., Allain F., Coupard V., Dandeu C., Girot E., Schaer E., et al. Simulation and kinetic study of transesterification of triolein to biodiesel using modular reactors // Chemical Engineering Journal. 2012. V. 207-208. P. 285–298. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2012.06.106</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Portha J.-F., Allain F., Coupard V., Dandeu C., Girot E., Schaer E., et al. Simulation and kinetic study of transesterification of triolein to biodiesel using modular reactors. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2012, vol. 207-208, pp. 285–298. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2012.06.106</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sotiriadou S., Ntonti E., Velliadou D., Antoniadis K.D., Assael M.J., Huber M.L. Reference correlation for the viscosity of ethanol from the triple point to 620 K and pressures up to 102 MPa // International Journal of Thermophysics. 2023. V. 44. N 3. P. 40. doi: 10.1007/s10765-022-03149-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sotiriadou S., Ntonti E., Velliadou D., Antoniadis K.D., Assael M.J., Huber M.L. Reference correlation for the viscosity of ethanol from the triple point to 620 K and pressures up to 102 MPa. International Journal of Thermophysics, 2023, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 40. doi: 10.1007/s10765-022-03149-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zongo A.S., Vaïtilingom G., Daho T., Caillol C., Hoffmann J.-F., Piriou B., et al. Temperature dependence of density, viscosity, thermal conductivity and heat capacity of vegetable oils for their use as biofuel in internal combustion engines // Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science. 2019. V. 9. N 1. P. 44–64. doi: 10.4236/aces.2019.91004</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zongo A.S., Vaïtilingom G., Daho T., Caillol C., Hoffmann J.-F., Piriou B., et al. Temperature dependence of density, viscosity, thermal conductivity and heat capacity of vegetable oils for their use as biofuel in internal combustion engines. Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science, 2019, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 44–64. doi: 10.4236/aces.2019.91004</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Richard R., Thiebaud-Roux S., Prat L. Modelling the kinetics of transesterification reaction of sunflower oil with ethanol in microreactors // Chemical Engineering Science. 2013. V. 87. P. 258-269. doi: 10.1016/j.ces.2012.10.014</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Richard R., Thiebaud-Roux S., Prat L. Modelling the kinetics of transesterification reaction of sunflower oil with ethanol in microreactors. Chemical Engineering Science, 2013, vol. 87, pp. 258-269. doi: 10.1016/j.ces.2012.10.014</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pontes P.C., Naveira-Cotta C.P., Quaresma J.N.N. Three-dimensional reaction-convection-diffusion analysis with temperature influence for biodiesel synthesis in micro-reactors // International Journal of Thermal Sciences. 2017. V. 118. P. 104–122. doi: 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2017.03.022</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pontes P.C., Naveira-Cotta C.P., Quaresma J.N.N. Three-dimensional reaction-convection-diffusion analysis with temperature influence for biodiesel synthesis in micro-reactors. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 2017, vol. 118, pp. 104–122. doi: 10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2017.03.022</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rasouli M.R., Abouei Mehrizi A., Lashkaripour A. Numerical study on low Reynolds mixing of T-Shaped micro-mixers with obstacles // Transport Phenomena in Nanoscience and Microtechnology Series. 2015. V. 3. N 2. P. 68–76. doi: 10.7508/tpnms.2015.02.001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rasouli M.R., Abouei Mehrizi A., Lashkaripour A. Numerical study on low Reynolds mixing of T-Shaped micro-mixers with obstacles. Transport Phenomena in Nanoscience and Microtechnology Series, 2015, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 68–76. doi: 10.7508/tpnms.2015.02.001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Greenshields C.J., Weller H.G. Notes on Computational Fluid Dynamics: General Principles. CFD Direct Limited, 2022. 314 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Greenshields C.J., Weller H.G. Notes on Computational Fluid Dynamics: General Principles. CFD Direct Limited, 2022, 314 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Santana H.S., Tortola D.S., Silva J.L.jr, Taranto O.P. Biodiesel synthesis in micromixer with static elements // Energy Conversion and Management. 2016. V. 141. P. 28–39. doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2016.03.089</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Santana H.S., Tortola D.S., Silva J.L.jr, Taranto O.P. Biodiesel synthesis in micromixer with static elements. Energy Conversion and Management, 2016, vol. 141, pp. 28–39. doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2016.03.089</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
