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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ntv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-технический вестник информационных технологий, механики и оптики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-1494</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0373</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет ИТМО</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17586/2226-1494-2026-26-4-732-738</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ntv-641</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НОВЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ И НАНОТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATERIAL SCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Моделирование структуры и характеристик термоэлектрических устройств на основе соединений магния</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modeling of the structure and characteristics of thermoelectric generators based on magnesium compounds</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6235-7187</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дашина</surname><given-names>З. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dashina</surname><given-names>Z. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дашина Злата Александровна — лаборант</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, 197101</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zlata A. Dashina — Laboratory Assistant</p><p>Petersburg, 197101</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avasach@itmo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9509-2048</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асач</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Asach</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Асач Алексей Владимирович — кандидат технических наук, старший преподаватель</p><p>sc 57023883800</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, 197101</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey V. Asach — PhD, Senior Lecturer</p><p>Petersburg, 197101</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avasach@itmo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1763-4224</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исаченко</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Isachenko</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Исаченко Григорий Николаевич — кандидат физико-математических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>sc 14066141100</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, 194021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grigory N. Isachenko — PhD (Physics &amp; Mathematics), Senior Researcher</p><p>sc 14066141100</p><p>Saint Petersburg, 194021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avasach@itmo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9610-9155</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Быковская</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bykovskaya</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Быковская Елена Александровна — старший преподаватель</p><p>sc 57213518219</p><p>Санкт-Петербург, 197101</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Bykovskaya — Senior Lecturer</p><p>sc 57213518219</p><p>Petersburg, 197101</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eabykovskaia@itmo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет ИТМО</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>ITMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Физико-технический институт имени А.Ф. Иоффе</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ioffe	Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>732</fpage><lpage>738</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дашина З.А., Асач А.В., Исаченко Г.Н., Быковская Е.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дашина З.А., Асач А.В., Исаченко Г.Н., Быковская Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dashina Z.A., Asach A.V., Isachenko G.N., Bykovskaya E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/641">https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/641</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. В связи с глобальным изменением климата остро стоит задача декарбонизации и повышения эффективности процессов и устройств энергетического сектора экономики. Одним из направлений повышения энергетической эффективности является рекуперация низкопотенциального тепла за счет применения термоэлектрических генераторов (ТЭГ). Перспективными материалами для таких устройств являются силициды. Однако их применение ограничивается недостаточной термостабильностью при высоких температурах. В частности, высокоэффективный материал — твердый раствор силицида и станнида магния (Mg2Si0,4Sn0,6) деградирует при температурах выше 400 °C, в то время как более стабильный силицид магния (Mg2Si) обладает меньшей термоэлектрической эффективностью. Для преодоления этого ограничения предлагается использование сегментированной конструкции n-ветви ТЭГ, сочетающей оба материала. Целью работы является моделирование и оптимизация ТЭГ, содержащего сегментированную ветвь n-типа, для расширения рабочего температурногодиапазона при сохранении высокого коэффициента полезного действия. Метод. Исследование выполнено методом компьютерного моделирования в программной среде COMSOL Multiphysics. Разработана трехмерная стационарная модель ТЭГ, состоящего из 127 пар термоэлектрических ветвей. Ветвь p-типа выполнена из высшего силицида марганца. Сегментированная ветвь n-типа состоит из Mg2Si на горячей стороне и Mg2Si0,4Sn0,6 на холодной. В модели использовались модули для описания процессов теплопереноса и электропереноса с учетом термоэлектрического эффекта. Учитывался тепловой контакт между различными частями генератора. Для анализа влияния геометрии варьировалось соотношение высот сегментов (от 30 % до 80 % для Mg2Si0,4Sn0,6). Для генератора с оптимальным соотношением высот сегментов построены рабочие характеристики ТЭГ. Основные результаты. Согласно результатам моделирования коэффициент полезного действия модуля с сегментированной ветвью повышается до 5,3 % по сравнению с 2,9 % на ТЭГ, n-ветви которого состоят только из Mg2Si при температуре на горячем спае 500 °С. При определенной конфигурации сегментированной ветви такой температурный режим становится допустимым, а результаты модели сопоставимы с коммерчески доступными устройствами. Обсуждение. Результаты компьютерного моделирования демонстрируют, что предложенная конструкция сегментированного силицидного ТЭГ является эффективным решением для преодоления ограничения по термической стабильности высокоэффективного материала Mg2Si0,4Sn0,6. Предложенная конструкция позволяет существенно расширить рабочий температурный диапазон устройства при приемлемом уровне коэффициента полезного действия.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the context of global climate change, the imperative for decarbonization and improvement in efficiency of processes and equipment within the energy sector has become increasingly urgent. One promising approach to improving energy efficiency involves the recovery of low-grade waste heat through the implementation of thermoelectric generators (TEG). Silicide-based materials are considered promising for such devices. However, their utilization is constrained by insufficient thermal stability at elevated temperatures. Specifically, the efficient material Mg2Si0.4Sn0.6 undergoes degradation above 400 °C, whereas the more thermally stable Mg2Si has lower thermoelectric performance. To address this limitation, a segmented design of the n-type leg in TEG is proposed, integrating both materials. The objective of this study is to model and optimize a TEG with a segmented n-type leg, thereby extending the operational temperature range while maintaining high energy conversion efficiency. The simulation was performed with COMSOL Multiphysics software. A three-dimensional stationary model of a TEG consisting of 127 leg pairs has been developed. The p-type leg was composed of the higher manganese silicide MnSi1.75. The segmented n-type leg consisted of Mg2Si on the hot side and Mg2Si0.4Sn0.6 on the cold side. The model employed modules to describe the processes of thermal transport and electrical transport, taking into account the thermoelectric effect. Thermal contact between different parts of the generator was taken into account. To analyze the influence of geometry, the height ratio of the segments varied (with Mg2Si0.4Sn0.6 ranging from 30 % to 80 % of the total leg height). According to the simulation results, the efficiency of the module with a segmented n-type leg increases to 5.3 % compared to 2.9 % for a TEG with n-type legs consisting only of Mg2Si, at a hot-side temperature of 500 °C. With an optimized segmented-leg configuration, this temperature regime becomes acceptable, and the simulated performance is comparable to commercially available generators. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed segmented silicide-based TEG effectively addresses the thermal stability problem of Mg2Si0.4Sn0.6. This TEG configuration substantially extends the generator operating temperature range while maintaining an acceptable level of efficiency.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мультифизическое моделирование</kwd><kwd>COMSOL Multiphysics</kwd><kwd>термоэлектрический генератор</kwd><kwd>силицид магния</kwd><kwd>высший силицид марганца</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>multiphysics modeling</kwd><kwd>COMSOL Multiphysics</kwd><kwd>thermoelectric generator</kwd><kwd>magnesium silicide</kwd><kwd>higher manganese silicide</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saidur R., Rezaei M., Muzammil W.K., Hassan M.H., Paria S., Hasanuzzaman M. Technologies to recover exhaust heat from internal combustion engines // Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2012. V. 16. N 8. 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