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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ntv</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научно-технический вестник информационных технологий, механики и оптики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2226-1494</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-0373</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет ИТМО</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17586/2226-1494-2024-24-2-222-229</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ntv-89</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОМПЬЮТЕРНЫЕ СИСТЕМЫ И ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COMPUTER SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оптимизированный метод глубокого обучения для прогнозирования дефектов программного обеспечения с использованием алгоритма оптимизации кита</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>An optimized deep learning method for software defect prediction using Whale Optimization Algorithm</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5169-7593</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алию Айхонг</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aliyu Aihong</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Алию Айхонг Анес — студент </p><p> Баучи, 740272 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Anes Aliyu Aihong — BSc </p><p> Bauchi, 740272 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Anesaliyu123@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2710-8973</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Имам Яу</surname><given-names>Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Imam Ya’u</surname><given-names>B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Имам Яу Бадамаси — PhD, старший преподаватель </p><p> Баучи, 740272 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Badamasi Imam Ya’u — PhD, Senior Lecturer </p><p> Bauchi, 740272 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">biyau@atbu.edu.ng</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9645-3642</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Али</surname><given-names>У.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ali</surname><given-names>U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Али Усман — PhD, преподаватель </p><p> Гомбе, 760101 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Usman Ali — PhD, Lecturer </p><p> Gomber, 760101 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">usmanali@fcetgombe.edu.ng</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0229-739X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахмад</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ahmad</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Ахмад Абузайру — студент </p><p> Баучи, 740272 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Abuzairu Ahmad — MSc </p><p> Bauchi, 740272 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Abuzairuahmad2020@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1037-2022</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдулрахман Лаваль</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdulrahman Lawal</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Абдулрахман Лаваль Мустафа — PhD, главный научный сотрудник </p><p> Баучи, 740272 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Mustapha Abdulrahman Lawal — PhD, Principal Scientist</p><p> Bauchi, 740272 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">musbaida@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Абубакара Тафавы Балева (ATBU)</institution><country>Нигерия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University (ATBU)</institution><country>Nigeria</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный педагогический колледж (технический)</institution><country>Нигерия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal College of Education (Technical)</institution><country>Nigeria</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>222</fpage><lpage>229</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Алию Айхонг А., Имам Яу Б., Али У., Ахмад А., Абдулрахман Лаваль М., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Алию Айхонг А., Имам Яу Б., Али У., Ахмад А., Абдулрахман Лаваль М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aliyu Aihong A., Imam Ya’u B., Ali U., Ahmad A., Abdulrahman Lawal M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/89">https://ntv.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/89</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью исследования является прогнозирование ошибки программного обеспечения с использованием долговременной кратковременной памяти (Long Short-Term Memory, LSTM). Предлагаемая система представляет собой LSTM, обучаемую с использованием алгоритма оптимизации китов (Whale Optimization Algorithm). Система обеспечивает экономию времени обучения. Одновременно повышается эффективность модели глубокого обучения (DL) и скорость обнаружения. Для разработки расширенной модели LSTM применен программный пакет MATLAB 2022a. Использованы 19 баз данных дефектов программного обеспечения с открытым исходным кодом. Ошибочные наборы данных получены из коллекции tera-PROMISE. Для оценки эффективности модели по сравнению с другими традиционными подходами объем исследования ограничен пятью наборами эталонных данных с наиболее высоким рейтингом (DO1, DO2, DO3, DO4 и DO5). Результаты экспериментов показали, что качество данных обучения и тестирования оказывает существенное влияние на точность прогнозирования ошибок. При анализе на наборах данных от DO1 до DO5 видно, что точность прогнозирования существенно зависит от результатов обучения и тестирования. Три алгоритма DL, протестированные на наборе данных DO2, показали самую высокую точность (0,942) в сравнении с двумя классическими алгоритмами с использованием сверточной нейронной сети Li’s и Nevendra’s (0,922).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The goal of this study is to predict a software error using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). The suggested system is an LSTM taught using the Whale Optimization Algorithm to save training time while improving deep learning model efficacy and detection rate. MATLAB 2022a was used to develop the enhanced LSTM model. The study relied on 19 open-source software defect databases. These faulty datasets were obtained from the tera-PROMISE data collection. However, in order to evaluate the model performance to other traditional approaches, the scope of this study is limited to five (5) of the most highly ranked benchmark datasets (DO1, DO2, DO3, DO4, and DO5). The experimental results reveal that the quality of the training and testing data has a significant impact on fault prediction accuracy. As a result, when we look at the DO1 to DO5 datasets, we can see that prediction accuracy is significantly dependent on training and testing data. Furthermore, for DO2 datasets, the three deep learning algorithms tested in this study had the highest accuracy. The proposed method, however, outperformed Li’s and Nevendra’s two classical Convolutional Neural Network algorithms which attained accuracy of 0.922 and 0.942 on the DO2 software defect data, respectively. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>глубокое обучение</kwd><kwd>SDP</kwd><kwd>прогнозирование дефектов программного обеспечения</kwd><kwd>WOA</kwd><kwd>алгоритмы оптимизации китов</kwd><kwd>LSTM</kwd><kwd>долговременная память</kwd><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd><kwd>алгоритм оптимизации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>deep learning</kwd><kwd>software defect prediction</kwd><kwd>whale optimization algorithms</kwd><kwd>long short-term memory</kwd><kwd>machine learning</kwd><kwd>optimization algorithm</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование финансируется Университетом Абубакара Тафавы Балева (ATBU) в Баучи, Нигери я.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study is funded by the Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University (ATBU) in Bauchi, Nigeria.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wunsch A., Liesch T., Broda S. 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